解放军人文职招聘考试2014年解放军文职人员招聘行测考试真题(1)-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育

解放军人文职招聘考试2014年解放军文职人员招聘行测考试真题(1)发布时间:2017-06-1921:50:582014年解放军文职人员招聘行测考试真题与答案1.江西是中国革命的摇篮,毛泽东、朱德在()创立了第一个农村革命根据地。A:瑞金B:三湾C:黄洋界D:井冈山答案:D2.()以上的未成年人是限制民事行为能力人A:10周岁B:14周岁C:18周岁D:15周岁答案:A3.2,3,13,175,()A:30651;B:36785;C:53892;D:67381答案:(从第三项开始,每一项等于前面一项的平方与前前一项的2倍的和。C=B2+2A);13=32+22;175=132+23;答案:30651=1752+213,选A。4.归档文件整理的根本目的是()。?A:便于查阅和利用?B:便于查阅和归档?C:便于保管和利用?D:便于集中统一管理?答案:C。解析:归档文件整理是将归档文件以件为单位进行装订、分类、排列、编号、装盒,使之有序化的过程。归档文件整理的原则是:遵循文件的形成规律,保持文件之间的有机联系,区分不同价值,便于保管和利用。便于保管和利用是归档文件整理工作的根本目的。5.我国唐代有诗仙李白、诗圣杜甫、人称李杜。人称小李杜的两位诗人分别是()。A:李商隐、杜牧B:李清照、杜甫C:李鸿章、杜娟D:李世民、杜如晦答案:A6.毛泽东首次明确提出要使中国稳步地由农业国变为工业国,把中国建设成为一个伟大的社会主义国家的任务是在()。A:中共七届二中全会B:中共七届三中全会C:中共七届四中全会D:中共七届六中全会答案:本题考查考生对中共七届二中全会内容的掌握。在中共七届二中全会的报告中毛泽东指出:在革命胜利以后,迅速地恢复和发展生产,对付国外的帝国主义,使中国稳步地由农业国变为工业国,把中国建设成为一个伟大的社会主义国家。故选A。7.有一排长椅总共有65个座位,其中已经有些座位上有人就座。现在又有一人准备找一个位置就座,但是此人发现,元论怎么选择座位,都会与已经就座的人相邻。则原来至少已经有多少人就座?()A:13B:17C:22D:33答案:C。要求座位上的人尽可能的少,而每个人旁边可以有两个空座,将一个人及其左右两个空座看做一个整体,共占3个座位,而65个座位可以连续划分出这样的整体21个,还剩两个座位,至少需要1个人。因此总共有22个人。此时满足来人无论怎么选择座位,都会与已经就座的人相邻。故选C。

解放军文职招聘考试《英语国家概况》考试真题及参考答案(2009-2005) 全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试 英语国家概况试题-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育

解放军文职招聘考试《英语国家概况》考试真题及参考答案(2009-2005)全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题发布时间:2017-05-2110:41:43《英语国家概况》考试真题及参考答案(2009-2005)全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码:00522I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.Foreachunfinishedstatementorquestion,foursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheonethatyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion.Writetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.(50points,1pointforeach)1.Strictlyspeaking,theBritishIslesrefersto_______.A.GreatBritainB.IrelandC.theUnitedKingdomD.GreatBritainandIreland2.WhichofthefollowingkingswasresponsibleforthecompleteestablishmentofthefeudalsysteminEngland?A.EdwardIB.HenryIIC.AlfredtheGreatD.WilliamtheConqueror3.ThespiritoftheGreatCharterwas______.A.alimitationofthepowersofthekingB.aguaranteeofthefreedomoftheserfsC.alimitationofthepowersoftheChurchD.adeclarationofequalityamongallpeople4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheresultoftheBlackDeath?A.Muchlandwasleftuntended.B.Therewasaterribleshortageoflabour.C.Thesurvivingpeasantshadlosttheirpowerofbargaining.D.Landownerstendedtochangefromarabletosheep-farming.5.TheWarofRosesthattookplacefrom1455to1485wasfoughtbetween______.A.BritainandFranceB.theParliamentandtheCrownC.theworkingpeopleandthearistocratsD.twobranchesofthePlantagenetfamily6.TheEnglishRenaissancewaslargelyliterary,anditachieveditsfinestexpressionintheso-called______.A.RomanticpoetryB.RomanticfictionC.ElizabethanpoetryD.Elizabethandrama7.Britishconstitutionalmonarchyisasystemunderwhichthepowersofthe______arelimitedbyParliamentortheconstitution.A.churchB.kingorqueenC.governmentministersD.Bishopscourt8.TheToriesinBritainweretheforerunnersof______,whichstillbearsthisnicknametoday.A.theLaborPartyB.theLiberalPartyC.theConservativePartyD.theSocialDemocraticParty9.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTincludedinthesix-pointdemandoftheChartistMovement?A.EqualelectoraldistrictsB.VotingbysecretballotC.ThevoteforalladultmalesD.Thevoteforalladultfemales10.DuringtheFirstWorldWar,Britainwasalliedwith______.A.TurkeyB.theCentralPowersC.FranceandRussiaD.GermanyandAustria-Hungary11.WhowasthemanthatledBritaininthecrisisoftheSecondWorldWar?A.GeorgeVIB.TheodoreRooseveltC.NevilleChamberlainD.SirWinstonChurchill12.ThenewpoliciesadoptedbyMrs.ThatcherandConservativeGovernmentafterthe1979electionwasknownas______.A.ThatcherismB.theNewDealC.NewFrontierD.Keynesianism13.Overthepastonethousandyears,theBritish______hasbeenbrokenonlyoncebetween1649and1660.A.CabinetB.ParliamentC.MonarchyD.PrivyCouncil14.WhohasthepowertoappointthePrimeMinisterinBritain?A.TheQueenB.TheParliamentC.TheHouseofLordsD.TheChurchofEngland15.InBritain,afullmeetingof______iscalledonlywhenaSovereigndiesorannounceshisorherintentiontomarry.A.thePrivyCouncilB.theParliamentC.theHouseofCommonsD.theHouseofLords16.WhichofthefollowingisNOTinvolvedintheBritishjudicialresponsibilities?A.AttorneyGeneralB.MinistryofJusticeC.TheLordChancellorD.TheHomeSecretary17.BankholidaysinBritainreferto______.A.officialpublicholidaysB.holidaysforthebanksonlyC.publicholidaysexceptforthebanksD.holidaysforthefinancialinstitutionsonly18.WhichstatementabouttheBritishuniversitiesisNOTtrue?A.Theyenjoyacademicfreedom.B.Theycannotappointtheirownstaff.C.Theyaregovernedbyroyalcharters.D.Theyprovidetheirowncoursesandawardtheirowndegrees.19.______,themostpopularsportinEnglandaswellasinEurope,hasitstraditionalhomeinEnglandwhereitwasdevelopedinthe19thcentury.A.BasketballB.TennisC.FootballD.Baseball20.LondonsMetropolitanPoliceForceisdirectlyunderthecontrolof_______.A.thePrimeMinisterB.theLordChancellorC.theHomeSecretaryD.theAttorneyGeneral21.WhichstatementaboutthePuritansisNOTtrue?A.ThePuritansdidnotallowreligiousdissent.B.ThePuritanswerepoorartisansandunskilledpeasants.C.TheyweredissatisfiedwiththepoliticalcorruptioninEngland.D.TheywenttotheUnitedStatestoestablishwhattheyconsideredthetruechurch.22.ThelargestracialandethnicminorityintheU.S.isthe______,whichaccountsover12.1%ofthepopulation.A.blacksB.AsiansC.IndiansD.Hispanics23.Thethreewell-knownauthorswhopennedtheFederalistPapersare______.A.ThomasJefferson,JamesMadisonandJohnJayB.GeorgeWashington,JamesMadisonandJohnJayC.AlexanderHamilton,JamesMadisonandJohnJayD.AlexanderHamilton,JamesMadisonandJohnAdams24.WhenAbrahamLincolnwaselectedpresident,thesouthernstatesbrokeawayandformedanewnationcalled______.A.theSouthernStatesofAmericaB.theFederalistStatesofAmericaC.theConfederateStatesofAmericaD.theAnti-confederateStatesofAmerica25.Withthedevelopmentofindustryandextensionofrailroadnetworkintheearly20thcenturyintheU.S.A.,thereappeared______.A.arapidgrowthofcitiesB.aninfluxofforeigngoodsC.anincreaseofurbanghettosD.agreatincreaseinthenumberoffarms26.Intheearly19thcentury,______activelyusedtheShermanAntitrustActtostopmonopolisticbusinessmergersintheUnitedStates.A.J.P.MorganB.WoodrowWilsonC.HenryRockefellerD.TheodoreRoosevelt27.TheRedScarein1919and1920wasatypicalexampleofAmerican______.A.religiousintoleranceB.intolerantnationalismC.ProgressiveMovementD.deregulationofbigtrusts28.Intheearly1930s,theAmericanforeignpolicywasisolationist,butthe______suddenlychangedthewholesituation,whichpropelledtheU.S.intotheSecondWorldWar.A.PearlHarborattackB.bombingofGuamislandC.seizingofAmericanmerchantshipsD.sinkingofAmericanpassengerships29.In1962,President______finallydecidedontheuseofnavalforcetopreventmilitarymaterialandarmsfromenteringCubaanddemandedSovietremovalofthemissilesthere.A.NixonB.TrumanC.JohnsonD.Kennedy30.In1853,inthe______,another30,000squaremilesofMexicanlandwereaddedtotheterritoryoftheU.S.A.A.AtlanticPurchaseB.MexicanPurchaseC.GadsdenPurchaseD.LouisianaPurchase31.ThefourproblemsthatfacetheeconomyoftheUnitedStatesare______.A.unemployment,inflation,financialcrisisandtradedeficitB.unemployment,inflation,financialdeficitandtradedeficitC.mortgagelosses,inflation,financialdeficitandtradedeficitD.unemployment,marketfailures,financialdeficitandtradedeficit32.WhichstatementabouttheU.S.ConstitutionisNOTtrue?A.Itisthesupremelawoftheland.B.Itistheoldestwrittenconstitutionintheworld.C.Itwasadoptedin1781attheSecondContinentalCongress.D.Itprovidesthebasisforpoliticalstability,economicgrowthandsocialprogress.33.TheAmericanPresidentusuallytakesanoathofoffice,administeredbythe______oftheUnitedStatesinJanuary.A.ChiefJusticeB.HouseSpeakerC.SecretaryofStateD.SenateMajorityLeader34.TheU.S.Constitutionprovidesthatthe______shallbePresidentoftheSenate.A.VicePresidentB.SecretaryofStateC.SenateMajorityLeaderD.SenateMinorityLeader35.WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTgovernment-runattheU.S.federallevel?A.MotorvehicleB.TheroadsystemC.NationaldefenseD.Thepostalservice36.ItisgenerallyagreedthatU.S.highereducationbeganwiththe______.A.CivilWarB.IndependenceWarC.foundingofHarvardCollegeD.foundingofPrincetonUniversity37.FormaleducationintheUnitedStatesconsistsof______.A.kindergarten,juniorandsenioreducationB.junior,elementaryandsecondaryeducationC.elementary,secondaryandhighereducationD.kindergarten,secondaryandhighereducation38.InhisOldManandtheSea,ErnestHemingway______.A.expressestheideaoffacingdefeatcourageouslyB.showsthebasicgoodnessandwisdomofordinarypeopleC.praisestheideasofequalityanddemocracyandthejoyofcommonpeopleD.describesthesharpcontrastofwealthandpovertyinChicagoandNewYork39.Intheearlypartofthe19thcentury,______wasthecenterofAmericanwriting.A.BostonB.DetroitC.NewYorkCityD.Philadelphia40.ThemostimportantpatrioticholidayintheU.S.is______.A.HalloweenB.VeteransDayC.ThanksgivingDayD.IndependenceDay41.ThecapitalcityofIrelandis______.A.CorkB.DublinC.GalwayD.Waterford42.Historically,Irelandhasbeenfreeofethnicconflictsbecauseofits______.A.racialunityB.racialhomogeneityC.multi-culturalismD.highrateofemigration43.IrelandhasthefollowingdemographicfeaturesEXCEPT______.A.alatemarriageageB.anexcessoffemalesinthepopulationC.ahighproportionofbachelorsandspinstersofallagesD.alowbirthratecompoundedbyacenturyofemigration44.WhichofthefollowingisatypicalbilingualcityinCanada?A.OttawaB.CalgaryC.TorontoD.Vancouver45.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutimmigrationinCanadaisNOTtrue?A.Itisestimatedthatone-thirdofCanadianswereborninothercountries.B.Immigrationhasalwaysbeenanimportantsourceofitspopulationgrowth.C.Immigrationhasplayedanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofitseconomy.D.inthepastBritainandWesternEuropeweretheprincipalsourcesofCanadianimmigration.46.Intermsoflandarea,Canadaisthe______largestcountryintheworld.A.secondB.thirdC.fourthD.fifth47.TheheadofstateofAustraliais______.A.theGovernorB.thePresidentC.thePrimeMinisterD.theQueenofEngland48.______istheonlycityonthewesterncoastofAustraliawithapopulationofoveronemillion.A.PerthB.SydneyC.BrisbaneD.Melbourne49.A______,wheretwopartsoftheearthscrustmeet,runsthelengthofNewZealand.A.faultlineB.builtareaC.dormantvolcanoD.geothermalarea50.TheTreatyofWaitangiin1840wasanagreementbetween______.A.theMaoriwhalersandtheBritishCrownB.theMaoripeopleandtheBritishmissionariesC.theMaoritradersandtheBritishmissionariesD.thechiefsoftheMaoripeopleandtheBritishCrownII.Giveaone-sentenceanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.Writeyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.(30points,3pointsforeach)51.WhatarethemainfunctionsoftheBritishParliament?52.WhatwerethetwocountriesElizabethIsuccessfullyplayedoffagainsteachotherfornearly30years?53.WhatwastheoutcomeoftheEnglishCivilWar?54.WhatarethethreemainChristianfestivalsintheU.K.?55.WhatwerethethreecornerstonesofAmericanpostwareconomicboom?56.WhatwasthemostimportantdocumentproducedbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStateswhenPresidentNixonvisitedChinain1972?57.WhatisthemostcentralfunctionoftheU.S.Congress?58.WhatarethetwomajorpartiesthatdominateAmericanpoliticsatthefederal,stateandlocallevels?59.WhatarethetwoofficiallanguagesusedinIreland?60.WhoarethenativepeoplelivinginAustralia?III.ExplaineachofthefollowingtermsinEnglish.Writeyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheetinaround40words.(20points,5pointsforeach)61.OpenUniversity62.TheSpeaker(oftheHouseofCommonsinBritain)63.Muckrakers64.Thestockmarketcrashof19292009年试题参考答案I.1.C2.D3.A4.C5.D6.D7.B8.C9.D10.C11.D12.A13.C14.A15.A16.B17.A18.B19.C20.C21.B22.A23.C24.C25.A26.D27.B28.A29.D30.C31.B32.C33.A34.A35.A36.C37.C38.A39.C40.D41.B42.B43.B44.A45.A46.A47.D48.A49.A50.DII.51.Theyarelaw-making,authorizingtaxationandpublicexpenditures,andexaminingtheactionsofthegovernment.52.FranceandSpain.53.KingCharlesIwasdefeatedandexecuted.ThenaCommonwealthwasdeclaredbyOliverCromwellandhebecametheLordProtector.54.TheyareChristmas,Easter,andWhitSunday.55.Theyaretheautomobile,housing,anddefenseindustries.56.ItwastheShanghaiCommuniqu.57.Itisthepassofthelaw.58.TheyaretheDemocraticPartyandtheRepublicanParty.59.TheyareIrish(ortheGaelic)andEnglish.60.TheyaretheAboriginals.III.61.OpenUniversity:TheOpenUniversityisanon-residentialuniversity.Itissonamedbecauseitisopentoalltobecomestudents.TheUniversitywasfoundedin1969andbeganitsfirstcoursesin1970.TheUniversityoffersdegreeandothercoursesforadultstudentsofallagesinBritainandtheothermembercountriesoftheEuropeanUnion.Itusesacombinationofspeciallyproducedprintedtexts,correspondencetuition,televisionandradiobroadcastsandaudio/videocassettes.62.TheSpeaker(oftheHouseofCommonsinBritain):TheSpeakerisamemberwhoisacceptabletoallshadesofopinionintheHouse.IncarryingouthisorherdutiestheSpeakerisrequiredtobeimpartial;heorshecannotdebateor,asageneralrule,voteonameasure,anditishisorherdutytoseethatallpointsofviewshaveafairhearing.63.Muckrakers:Muckrakersrefertoagroupofreform-mindedjournalistsattheturnofthe20thcentury,whomadeinvestigationsandexposedvariousdarksidesoftheseeminglyprosperoussociety.64.Thestockmarketcrashof1929:OnOctober24,1929,theNewYorkstockmarketcrashed.ItwascalledBlackThursdaybecauseitwasthebeginningofalongeconomicdepression.TheGreatDepressionhadfar-reachingconsequences.Itsweptthroughtheglobequickly.Therateofunemploymentincreasedrapidly.Agreatdealofcompaniesandbusinessesclosedandwentintobankruptcy.Americaneconomydidn"trecoveruntiltheNewDealwasputforward.全国2008年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码:00522Ⅰ.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.Foreachunfinishedstatementorquestion,foursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheonethatyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion.Writetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.(50points,1pointforeach)1.Aboutahundredyearsago,asaresultofitsimperialistexpansion,Britainruledanempirethathadonefourthoftheworldspeopleand______oftheworldslandarea.A.halfB.onethirdC.onefourthD.onefifth2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheCeltsisNOTtrue?A.Theywereironworkers.B.Theywerepracticedfarmers.C.TheyspokeAnglo-SaxonEnglish.D.Theydrainedmuchofthemarshlandsandbuilthouses.3.Thespiritofthe______wasthelimitationofthepowersoftheking.A.BookofConcordB.MagnaCartaC.DomesdayBookD.commonlaw4.______wasaboveallresponsibleforthereligiousreforminEngland.A.AlfredtheGreatB.EdwardⅠC.HenryⅧD.WilliamtheConqueror5.ThenameWarsoftheRoseswas,infact,coinedbythegreat19thcenturynovelist______.A.SirThomasBrowneB.SirMaxBeerbohmC.SirWalterScottD.SirNormanAngell6.ElizabethsrelationshipwithParliamentwasoften______.A.peacefulB.turbulentC.cooperativeD.harmonious7.______wasgenerallyconsideredthetransitionalperiodbetweentheMiddleAgesandmoderntimes,coveringtheyearsc.1350-c.1650.A.TheReformationB.TheRenaissanceC.TheRestorationD.TheGloriousRevolution8.Looselyspeaking,______werethosewhoopposedabsolutemonarchyandsupportedtherighttoreligiousfreedomforNonconformists.A.theWhigsB.theToriesC.themembersoftheLaborPartyD.themembersoftheConservativeParty9.AsaresultoftheagricultureenclosureinEnglandinthelate18thcentury,______.A.dietbecamelessvariedB.theEnglishtenantsgotbenefitsC.farmsbecamesmallerandsmallerD.peasantfarmershadtolookforworkintowns10.Oneofthemostfar-reachingconsequencesoftheSecondWorldWaristhat______.A.itimprovedBritisheconomyB.itstrengthenedtheBritishEmpireC.ithastenedtheendoftheBritishEmpireD.ithastenedtheendoftheBritishCommonwealth11.ThePrimeMinisterofBritainwas______.A.appointedbytheQueenB.electedbytheParliamentC.voteddirectlybythepeopleofthecountryD.selectedfromthemembersoftheParliament12.ApartfromBritain,theQueenisalsotheheadofstateofthefollowingcountriesEXCEPT______.A.AustraliaB.CanadaC.NewZealandD.SouthAfrica13.IntheU.K.,thepublicareadmittedto______intheHouseofLordsandtheHouseofCommons.A.theStrangersGalleriesB.theTateGalleryC.theNationalGalleryD.theStateGalleries14.InBritain,thepositionof______istraditionallyheldbythePrimeMinister.A.MinisterofDefenseB.FirstLordoftheTreasuryC.LordChancellorD.MinisterofEducation15.______isNOTthefunctionoftheBritishParliament.A.ExaminingandmakinglawsB.ExaminingtheactionsofthegovernmentC.AuthorizingtaxationandpublicexpenditureD.MaintainingthesupremeauthorityoftheSovereign16.No.10DowningStreetinLondonis______.A.theofficialresidenceoftheQueenB.theofficebuildingofLordChancellorC.themeetingplaceoftheBritishParliamentD.theofficialresidenceofBritishPrimeMinister17.TherearetwoestablishedChurchesinBritain,thatis,______.A.theChurchofWalesandtheChurchofIrelandB.theChurchofEnglandandtheChurchofWalesC.theChurchofScotlandandtheChurchofIrelandD.theChurchofEnglandandtheChurchofScotland18.______isapublicholidayinBritain.A.TheNationalDayB.GuyFawkesDayC.BoxingDayD.AprilFoolsDay19.______newspapersaredirectedatreaderswhowantfullinformationonawiderangeofpublicmatters.A.QualityB.PopularC.Mid-marketD.Tabloid20.ThePrivyCouncilincludes______.A.allCabinetministersB.alltheArchbishopsinBritainC.allmembersoftheHouseofLordsD.allmembersoftheHouseofCommons21.______ofNewYorkusedtobeanimportantimmigrationreceptionspot.A.EllisIslandB.ManhattanC.BrooklynD.LongIsland22.______totheConstitution,asthefoundationoftheAmericanconstitutionalsystem,werecalledtheBillofRights.A.ThefirstthreeamendmentsB.ThefirstfiveamendmentsC.ThefirsttenamendmentsD.Thefirsttwelveamendments23.Aftermuchdebate,theCompromiseof1850waspassed,whichallowed______tobeacceptedasafreestate.A.UtahB.CaliforniaC.LouisianaD.NewMexico24.TheArticlesofConfederationin1781wasunusualbecauseitprovidedfor______.A.nokingB.astrongcentralgovernmentC.civilrightsD.taxationpowers25.TheFederalistPapersareregardedasthebestexplanationofthe______.A.19thAmendmentB.ArticlesofConfederationC.BillofRightsD.U.S.Constitution26.AftertheCivilWar,______becameastrongtrendinAmericaneconomy.A.disappearanceofprivatebusinessB.increaseincapitalinvestmentC.monopolybybigbusinessD.nationalizationofenterprises27.ThePeaceConferencein1919wasdominatedbytheBigFour,thatis,______.A.theUnitedStates,Britain,SpainandItalyB.theUnitedStates,Japan,FranceandItalyC.theUnitedStates,Britain,FranceandItalyD.theUnitedStates,Britain,FranceandRussia28.TheGreatDepressionin1929wascausedbyallthefollowingBUT______.A.stockmarketspeculationB.over-expansionofcreditC.toomuchinvestmentincompaniesD.lackofstabilityinthebankingsystem29.Inhisinauguralspeech,______saidthattheonlythingwehavetofearisfearitself.A.LyndonJohnsonB.TheodoreRooseveltC.JohnF.KennedyD.FranklinRoosevelt30.TheSecondWorldWarcametoanendin______.A.1945B.1946C.1947D.194931.In1947theTrumanAdministrationdecidedtoprovideaidfor______topreventthesetwocountriesfromfallingintothehandsoftheSovietUnion.A.PolandandRomaniaB.GermanyandItalyC.theU.K.andFranceD.GreeceandTurkey32.Since1945theUnitedStateshadenteredatwenty-five-yearperiodofeconomicboom,butits______industrydidnotexperiencegreatdevelopment.A.automobileB.aerospaceC.housingD.defense33.The______turnedouttobeAmericaslongestwarithadeverfought.A.FirstWorldWarB.SecondWorldWarC.KoreanWarD.VietnamWar34.TheU.S.ConstitutionallowsthePresidenttogive______andpardonsinfederalcriminalcases.A.absolutionsB.reprievesC.testimoniesD.amnesties35.IntheU.S.eachlocalschooldistricthasagoverningboardwhichisusually______.A.electedbythevotersB.chosenfromtheteachingstaffC.selectedfromthelocalcommunityD.appointedbythecountymagistrate36.InAmerica,theConstitutionprovidesthat______shallbePresidentoftheSenate.A.theSpeakeroftheHouseB.theSecretaryofStateC.theChiefJusticeD.theVicePresident37.HighereducationintheUnitedStatesbeganwiththefoundingof______in1636.A.MITB.YaleUniversityC.HarvardCollegeD.PrincetonUniversity38.TheodoreDreiserwastheliteraryrepresentativeofAmerican______.A.RomanticistsB.TranscendentalistsC.ModernistsD.Naturalists39.InhisOldManandtheSea,Hemingwaypraisestheoldfishermans______.A.couragetoacceptmiseryinlifeB.attitudetowardsdefeatandfailureC.couragetofightmonstersintheseaD.attitudetowardstherisksofhighseas40.OneofthegoalssetbyPresidentBushinhisplanAmerica2000is______.A.increasingtheadultliteracyrateB.eliminatingdrugsandviolenceatschoolC.betteringallthestudentsforeignlanguagesD.improvingthehigh-schoolgraduationrateto80%41.QuebecdiffersfromotherCanadianprovincesbecause______.A.itisveryrichinoilB.itisidealforwheatgrowingC.ithasastrongFrenchcultureD.itstouristtradeisveryimportanttotheeconomy42.In1885,Canadawaslinkedfromcoasttocoastbecause______.A.acanalwasconstructedB.manyexpresswayswerebuiltC.anationalhighwaywasfinishedD.theCanadianPacificRailwaywascompleted43.______,thesecondlargestcityofCanada,islocatedinQuebec.A.MontrealB.VancouverC.TorontoD.Ottawa44.Adelaideisinternationallywell-known______.A.foritsartsfestivalB.foritsleadingroleinlumberingC.foritsmostprosperousagricultureD.foritsproductionofhalfoftheworldsopals45.Sydney,thelargestcityinAustralia,isthecapitalof______.A.VictoriaB.QueenslandC.SouthAustraliaD.NewSouthWales46.MostofthelandinAustraliasruralareasisused______.A.forgrazingsheepandcattleB.fordamsandfarmbuildingsC.forgrowingvegetablesandsugarcanesD.forgrowingcropslikewheatandothergrains47.AccordingtotheWaitangiTreaty,iftheMaoriswanttosellland,only______willhavetherighttobuy.A.theMaoristhemselvesB.theCrownC.theBritishcitizensD.thelocalgovernment48.ThenaturaldisastersinNewZealandmayinclude______.A.earthquakes,volcanoesandfloodingB.volcanoes,floodingandheavysnowsC.earthquakes,flooding,andheavysnowsD.volcanoes,heavysnowsandearthquakes49.Duringthe19thcentury,______wasamostimportantreasonforacentury-longpopulationdeclineinIreland.A.warB.floodC.famineD.earthquake50.Today93%oftheIrishpopulationare______.A.PuritansB.RomanCatholicsC.AnglicansD.ChristiansII.Giveaone-sentenceanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.Writeyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.(30points,3pointsforeach)51.WhendidtherecordedhistoryofBritainbegin?52.WhatwasthemilitarysignificanceofthedestructionoftheSpanishArmadaforBritain?53.HowmanyMembersofParliamentdoestheHouseofCommonsintheU.K.consistof?54.Pleasewriteanythreeofthe13coloniestheBritishestablishedalongtheeastcoastofNorthAmericabetween1607and1733.55.WhatarethethreebranchesintheU.S.federalgovernment?56.WhatdoesIBMstandfor?57.OnwhichsidedidCanadafightduringWWⅡ?58.WhatkindsofvegetationaresuitableforthehotdryclimateinAustralia?59.WhatispartlythereasonforNewZealandtohavechangeableweatherandtobeoftenwindy?60.WhatwastheresultofgrowingIrishnationalismintheearlydecadesofthe20thcentury?III.ExplaineachofthefollowingtermsinEnglish.Writeyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheetinaround40words.(20points,5pointsforeach)61.bankholidays62.constitutionalmonarchy63.Notaxationwithoutrepresentation64.theU.S.Federalsystem2008年试题参考答案Ⅰ.1.C2.C3.B4.C5.C6.B7.B8.A9.D10.C11.A12.D13.A14.B15.D16.D17.D18.C19.A20.A21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.C27.C28.C29.D30.A31.D32.B33.D34.B35.A36.D37.C38.D39.B40.B41.C42.D43.A44.A45.D46.A47.B48.A49.C50.BII.51.BritishrecordedhistorybeganwiththeRomaninvasionaround55BC.52.ItshowedEngland"ssuperiorityasanavalpower.53.Itconsistsof651MembersofParliament.54.Virginia,Maine,NewHampshire,Massachusetts,Connecticut,NewYork,RhodeIsland,Maryland,NorthCarolina,SouthCarolina,NewJersey,PennsylvaniaandGeorgia.(Anythreenamesoftheaboveareacceptable.)55.Theyarethelegislative,theexecutiveandthejudicialbranches.56.ItstandsforInternationalBusinessMachines.57.CanadafoughtasanallyofBritain(1939-1945).58.SmallplantssuchasgrassesandshrubsratherthanforestsaresuitableforthehotdryclimateinAustralia.59.BecauseNewZealandisanislandinsouthernlatitudes,ithaschangeableweatheranditisoftenwindy.60.Irishnationalismbecamestrongerandevenmoreviolentintheearlydecadesofthe20thcenturyandclimaxedintheEasternUprisingof1916inwhichanIrishRepublicwasproclaimed.III.61.Bankholidaysarealsocalledofficialpublicholidays.ThetermBankHolidaygoesbacktotheBankHolidaysActof1871,whichowesitsnametothefactthatbanksareclosedonthedaysspecified.62.Aconstitutionalmonarchyisacountryinwhichtheheadofthestateisakingoraqueen.Inpractice,theSovereignreignsbutdoesnotrule.63.ThepeopleintheBritishcoloniesopposedtheunfairtreatmentbytheBritishgovernment.Theydeclared,Notaxationwithoutrepresentation,thatis,withouttheirrepresentativestakingpartindecision-making,theyhadnoobligationtopaytaxestoBritain.64.TheU.S.Constitutionsetsupafederalsystemofgovernmentwhichhastwolayersofrule.Thereiscentralorfederalgovernmentforthenationwhichalonehasthepowertoanswerquestionsthataffectthenationasawhole.Therearealsostateandlocalgovernments.EachlayerofgovernmenthasseparateanddistinctpowerslaiddownintheConstitution.全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码:00522I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.Foreachunfinishedstatementorquestion,foursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheonethatyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion.Writetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.(50points,1pointforeach)1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofElizabethI?A.Herreligiousreformwasacompromiseofviews.B.HerreligiousreformwaswelcomedbyboththePuritansandardentCatholics.C.ShedesiredthatthereshouldbeoutwardconformitytotheEstablishedreligion.D.ShebrokeMarystieswithRomeandrestoredherfathersindependentChurchofEngland.2.TheRestorationinEnglishhistorytookplacein_______.A.1042B.1066C.1606D.16603.Historically,_______wereferociouspeople,buttheylaidthefoundationsoftheEnglishstate.A.theCeltsB.theVikingsC.theAnglo-SaxonsD.theNormans4.William,DukeofNormandy,isnowknownas_________.A.WilliamRufusB.WilliamtheConfessorC.WilliamtheGreatD.WilliamtheConqueror5.InBritain,theToriesweretheforerunnersof_______whichstillbearsthenicknametoday.A.theSocialandDemocraticLiberalPartyB.theLiberalPartyC.theLaborPartyD.theConservativeParty6.ThepersonwhowasresponsibleforthereligiousReformationofEnglandinthe16thcenturywas_________.A.EdwardVIIIB.HenryVIIIC.ElizabethID.EdwardVI7.QueenMaryTudorhasbeenknownasBloodyMarybecauseunderherreign________.A.aseriesofbloodywarswerefoughtB.manyProtestantswerepersecutedandburntashereticsC.manyrebelpeasantswereputtodeathD.manyprotestersagainstherrulewerekilled8.The_______developedlaterintotheLordsandtheCommonsknownasParliament.A.WitanB.PrivyCouncilC.PublicRecordsOfficeD.GreatCouncil9.InBritain,________isthesymbolofthewholenation.A.theQueenB.thePrimeMinisterC.thePrinceD.theParliament10.EasteristhechiefChristianfestival,whichcelebrates________.A.thebirthofJesusChristB.theResurrectionofJesusChristC.thecomingofspringD.therevivalofChristianity11.TheEnglishking,whogaveuphiscrownforthesakeofamarriagewithWallisSimpson,was_______.A.HenryⅧB.EdwardⅧC.GeorgeⅥD.JamesⅥ12.ThosewhotriedtodestroythehatedmachinesduringtheEnglishIndustrialRevolutionwerecalled______.A.DestroyersB.BreakersC.UnionistsD.Luddites13.ThegreatKingofWessexwhofoughtagainsttheinvasionoftheDanesinthe9thcenturywasknownas_______.A.HengistB.AlfredtheGreatC.thePilgrimD.KingofPicts14.TheSevenYearsWar(17561763)wasfoughtbetweenBritainand_______forthecolonizationinNorthAmerica.A.SpainB.RussiaC.HollandD.France15.InBritain,thenationalnewspaperscanbedividedintotwogroups:_______.A.dailypapersandweeklypapersB.dailypapersandSundaypapersC.weeklypapersandmonthlypapersD.weeklypapersandquarterlypapers16.ThePeoplesCharterwasdrawnupby_______astheirdemands.A.theLondonWorkingMensAssociationB.theBritishSteelCorporationC.theactivistsintheChartistMovementD.theTradeUnion17.Mrs.MargaretThatcher,aConservativePartyleaderinthe1980s,believedinthefollowingEXCEPT_______.A.self-relianceB.privatizationC.thestrengtheningofthetradeunionsD.thekeepingoflawandorder18.ThetwomaintiersoflocalauthoritythroughoutEnglandandWalesare______.A.countiesanddistrictsB.citiesandtownsC.citiesandvillagesD.citiesandshires19.InBritain,officialpublicholidaysarealsocalled______.A.religiousholidaysB.saintsholidaysC.memorialholidaysD.bankholidays20.TheEnglishChannelseparatestheislandofGreatBritainfrom______.A.DenmarkB.BelgiumC.theNetherlandsD.France21.MostofthefirstChineseimmigrantswhocametotheUnitedStatesbetween18501880settleddownin______.A.FloridaB.WashingtonC.CaliforniaD.NewJersey22.InSeptember,1774theFirstContinentalCongresswasheldin______,whichencouragedAmericanstorefusetobuyBritishgoods.A.NewYorkB.BostonC.PhiladelphiaD.Concord23.DuringtheAmericanwestwardmovement,DemocraticpoliticianJohnL.OSullivanproducedthefamoustheoryof______.A.IsolationismB.GoodNeighborPolicyC.SocialDarwinismD.ManifestDestiny24.TheAmericanConstitutionwasfinallyadoptedin1789byanarrowmarginontheunderstandingthat______aftertheConstitutioncameintoforce.A.WashingtonwouldbepresidentoftheU.S.B.theHouseofRepresentativeswouldbeelectedbyeachstateC.aBillofRightswouldbeamendedD.eachstatewouldbeequallyrepresentedintheSenate25.In1972,U.S.President______visitedChina,whichledtotheestablishmentofdiplomaticrelationswithChinainJanuary1979.A.RonaldReaganB.RichardNixonC.JimmyCarterD.GeraldFord26.Whichworkpraisedtheideaofequalityanddemocracyandalsocelebratedthedignity,theself-reliantspiritandthejoyofthecommonman?A.LeavesofGrassbyWaltWhitman.B.Self-reliancebyRalphWaldoEmerson.C.LifeontheMississippibyMarkTwain.D.SisterCarriebyTheodoreDreiser.27.TheConstitutionrequiresthePresidenttobeanatural-bornAmericancitizenatleast______yearsofage.A.30B.35C.40D.4528.OnApril30thof1789,GeorgeWashingtontooktheoathofofficein______whichhousedthefirstAmericangovernment.A.NewYorkB.WashingtonC.PhiladelphiaD.Boston29.WhichofthefollowingmayNOTbePresidentWilsonsachievementsinhisprogramofNewFreedom?A.Makingloansavailabletofarmersatlowrates.B.Adoptinganincometax.C.Regulatingtrustsbystatingclearlytheunfairbusinesspractices.D.Regulatingrailroadpricesandtheirrebates.30.IntheU.S.the______referstothepeoplebornintheperiod19461964.A.lostgenerationB.megenerationC.blue-collargenerationD.babyboomgeneration31.TheconferencethatdecidedtosetupaworldorganizationtheUnitedNationswasheldin______.A.TeheranB.CairoC.YaltaD.Washington32.ThePresidentoftheUnitedStatescanissuerules,regulationsandinstructions,whicharecalled______.A.legalactsB.standingordersC.verdictsD.executiveorders33.ThepoliticaltheoryofAmericanRevolutioncamefromthewell-knownphilosopher______.A.ThomasJeffersonB.ThomasPaineC.AlexanderHamiltonD.JohnLocke34.WhichstatementisNOTtrueabouttheGreatDepressioninthe1930s?A.Billionsofdollarsofpaperprofitswerewipedoutwithinafewdays.B.Miseryandpersonalsufferingswerewidespread.C.Manylosttheirlandandotherpropertiesbecauseofforeclosures.D.Thestockmarketcrashwasthebeginningoflongeconomicrecovery.35.DuringtheAmericanCivilWar,thevictoryat______provedtobetheturningpointfortheUnionArmy.A.HarrisburgB.GettysburgC.LexingtonD.FortSumter36.WhichstatementisNOTtrueabouttheAmericanIndians?A.Heavydrinkingandsuicideratesarefarabovethenationalaverages.B.TheaveragelifeexpectancyofIndiansisaround50years.C.AlltheAmericanIndiansarenowlivinginthegovernmentreservations.D.OnefourthoftheIndianfamilieslivebelowthepovertylevel.37.TheAmericanStandardOilCompanywasfoundedby______.A.JohnRockefellerB.duPontC.J.P.MorganD.AndrewCarnegie38.AtypicalexampleofAmericanintolerantnationalismfrom19191920was______thatexaggeratedthedangerofCommunism.A.McCarthyismB.theKuKluxKlanC.theRedScareD.Desegregation39.Currentlybetween80%and90%ofimmigrantstotheU.S.arefrom______countries.A.AsianandAfricanB.EuropeanandHispanicC.AsianandHispanicD.ScandinavianandAsian40.______istheonlyorganizationwhichhasthepowertointerprettheU.S.Constitution.A.TheSupremeCourtB.TheDepartmentofStateC.TheHouseofRepresentativesD.TheSenate41.______isBritishColumbiaslargestcityandthethirdlargestcityinCanada.A.VancouverB.TorontoC.QuebecCityD.Montreal42.AlmosthalfthelandareaofCanadaiscoveredby______.A.forestsB.desertsC.swampsD.bogs43.DuringWorldWarII,Canadafoughtasanallyof______withnearlyonemillionpeopleservinginthearmedforces.A.GermanyB.SwissC.ItalyD.Britain44.InAustralia______hasthecountrysrichestfarmlandandbestgrazingland.A.theGreatWesternPlateauB.theEasternHighlandsC.theCentralEasternLowlandsD.theOutback45.InrecentyearsAustraliangovernmentshaveencouragedpeoplewithdifferentethnicbackgroundstokeeptheirowncultures.Thispolicyiscalled______.A.assimilationB.integrationC.multiculturalismD.alienation46.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutAustraliaisNOTtrue?A.Itliessouthoftheequator.B.Itistheworldssmallestcontinent.C.Itistheflattestandlowestcontinent.D.Itisthecontinentthatcontainsmorethanonecountry.47.ThefirstEuropeantovisitNewZealandwasa/an______,AbelTasman.A.EnglishmanB.DutchmanC.FrenchmanD.German48.______isthecapitalofNewZealand.A.AucklandB.WellingtonC.TorontoD.Montreal49.WhichstatementisNOTtrueaboutIreland?A.Irelandisdividedintotwopoliticalunits.B.NorthernIrelandispartoftheUnitedKingdom.C.TheRepublicofIrelandisanindependentcountry.D.IrelandiscalledtheEmeraldIslebecauseofitsrichdepositofemeralds.50.ThelargestriverinIrelandisthe______,whichprovideselectricpowerformuchoftheRepublic.A.MissouriRiverB.ShannonRiverC.SevernRiverD.ThamesRiverII.Giveaone-sentenceanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.Writeyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.(30points,3pointsforeach)51.WhatistheofficialnameofGreatBritain?52.WhatdoesOxbridgerefertoinGreatBritain?53.WhataretheresponsibilitiesofBritishgovernmenteducationdepartments?54.WhatdoesSATstandfor?55.Whatarethetwomostimportantactspassedinthe1960sthathelpedtoimprovethepoliticalequalityoftheblackpeople?56.Whatisknownasthewinner-take-allsystem?57.WhatdoesACTstandforinAustralianpoliticaldivision?58.WhydoesNewZealandremaingreenalltheyearround?59.Whatarethethreemaingroupsofsettlerslivingnorthof55degreenorthlatitudeinCanada?60.WhatisthemostsignificantfeatureofIrishlandscape,whichcoversallthemountainsandlargeareasoflowlands?III.ExplaineachofthefollowingtermsinEnglish.Writeyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheetinaround40words.(20points,5pointsforeach)61.theIndustrialRevolution62.theCommonwealth63.checksandbalances64.ElectoralCollege2007年试题参考答案Ⅰ.1.B2.D3.C4.D5.D6.B7.B8.D9.A10.B11.B12.D13.B14.D15.B16.A17.C18.A19.D20.D21.C22.C23.D24.C25.B26.A27.B28.A29.D30.D31.C32.D33.D34.D35.B36.C37.A38.C39.C40.A41.A42.A43.D44.C45.C46.D47.B48.B49.D50.BII.51.TheofficialnameistheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.52.ItreferstotheuniversitiesofOxfordandCambridge.53.Theyformulateeducationpoliciesandarealsoresponsibleforthesupplyandtrainingofteachers.54.ItstandsforScholasticAptitudeTest,atesttakenintheU.S.tomeasurestudentsabilitiesbeforetheirentryintocollege.55.TheCivilRightsActof1964andtheVotingRightsActof1965.56.Thepresidentialcandidatewiththehighestnumberofvotesineachstatewinsalltheelectoralvotesofthatstate.57.ItstandsforAustralianCapitalTerritory.58.NewZealandnativetreesareevergreens,sothecountryremainsgreenalltheyearround.59.Therearefurtrappers,fishersandminers.60.BogsremainthemostsignificantfeatureofIrishlandscape.Ⅲ.61.TheIndustrialRevolution:ItreferstothemechanizationofindustryandtheconsequentchangesinsocialandeconomicorganizationinBritaininthelate18thandearly19thcenturies.BritainwasthefirstcountrytoindustrializeinEurope.62.TheCommonwealth:Itisafreeassociationof50independentcountriesthatwereoncecoloniesofBritain.Membernationsarejoinedtogethereconomicallyandhavecertaintradingarrangements.TheCommonwealthhasnospecialpowers.ThedecisiontobecomeamemberoftheCommonwealthislefttoeachnation.Atpresentthereare50memberswithintheCommonwealth(1991).63.Checksandbalances:TheAmericangovernmentisdividedintothreebranches,thelegislative,theexecutiveandthejudicial.Eachhaspartofthepowersbutnotallthepower.Andeachbranchofgovernmentcancheck,orblock,theactionsoftheotherbranches.Thethreebranchesarethusinbalance.Thisiscalledchecksandbalances.64.ElectoralCollege:Theelectorsofall50statesandtheDistrictofColumbia-atotalof538persons---comprisewhatisknownastheElectoralCollege.Tobesuccessful,acandidateforthePresidencymustreceive270votes.全国2006年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码:00522I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.Foreachunfinishedstatementorquestion,foursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheonethatyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementoranswertothequestion.Writetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.(50points,Ipointforeach)I.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheBritishCommonwealth?A.Membersofnationsarcjoinedtogetherpolitically.B.TheCommonwealthhasspecialpowers.C.ThedecisiontobecomeamemberoftheCommonwealthismadebyBrian.D.ItisafreeassociationofindependentcountriesthatwereoncecoloniesofBritain.2.Under,thefeudalsysteminEnglandwascompletelyestablished.A.KingAlfredB.HenryIIC.EdwardID.WilliamtheConqueror3.ThecauseoftheHundredYearsWarwas.A.territorialB.economicC.partlyterritorialandpartlyeconomicD.partlyterritorialandpartlyreligious4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheAnglo-Saxons?A.Theywereregardedasferociouspeople.B.Theyestablishedthemanorialsystem.C.Theydividedthecountryintodifferentshires.D.Theirtribeswereseldomatwarwithoneanother.5.AsaresultoftheBlackDeath,.A.muchlandwasleftuntendedandtherewasashortageoflabourB.landownerstendedtochangefromsheep-farmingtoarable-farmingC.thegovernmentdidnotshowmuchconcernaboutthelabourshortageD.thegovernmenttookseveralmeasurestoraisethepeasantswages6.TheNormanConquestinEnglishhistoryhappenedin.A.1035B.1042C.1066D.16067.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTaconsequenceoftheWarsoftheRoses?A.Feudalismreceiveditsdeath-blow.B.Thegreatmedievalnobilitywasmuchweakened.C.Theking"spowerbecamesupreme.D.Ordinarypeopleweregreatlyaffected.8.Intermsofpress,aredirectedatreaderswhowantfullinformationonawiderangeofpublicmatters.A.qualitynewspapersB.tabloidsC.popularnewspapersD.mid-marketnewspapers9.wasthetransitionalperiodbetweentheMiddleAgesandModernTimes.A.TheHundredYearsWarB.RenaissanceC.TheWarsoftheRosesD.TheEnglishCivilWar10.TheEnglishCivilWarisalsocalled___.A.thePuritanRevolutionB.theChartistMovementC.theWarsoftheRosesD.theHundredYears"War11.InDecember1653,byanInstrumentofGovernment,becameLardProtectoroftheCommonwealthofEngland.A.RichardlB.OliverCromwellC.CharlesIID.JamesII12.Twoofthemostfamousliteraryworksofthelate17thcenturywere.A.HamletandParadiseLostB.Pilgrim"sProgressandParadiseLostC.ParadiseLostandShepherd"sCalendarD.RomeoandJulietandShepherd"sCalendar13.TheestablishmentoftheBritishEastIndiaCompanyin1600wasacaseof.A.economicpenetrationB.territorialaggressionC.culturalexpansionD.militaryinvasion14.Oneofthemostfar-reachingconsequencesofWorldWarIIwasthat.A.theBritishEmpirebecamemuchstrongerB.theBritishEmpirebegantodisintegrateC.theBritishcolonialistssteppeduptheirexpansionD.Britainenteredaperiodofeconomicandfinancialprosperity15.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheBritishmonarchy?A.Itistheoldestinstitutionofgovernment.B.Itgoesbacktoatleastthe9thcentury.C.Ithasmaintainedthecontinuityoverthepastthousandyears.D.Itseemsthatitenjoysnorealpowertoday.16.InBritain,aparliamenthasamaximumdurationofyears.A.3B.4C.5D.617.Britishcolonialexpansionbeganwith.A.theestablishmentoftheBritishEastIndiaCompanyin1600B.thesettlementoftheDutchEastIndiaCompanyatCapeTownin1652C.theoccupationofChineseHongKongin1841D.thecolonizationofNewfoundlandin158318.ManyofBritain"spublicschoolshavegainedareputationfor.A.lowacademicstandardsandsnobberyB.exclusivenessandshorthistoryC.averageacademicstandards,exclusiveness,andshorthistoryD.highacademicstandards,exclusiveness,andsnobbery19.TheUniversitiesofOxfordandCambridgedatefrom.A.the10thandllthcenturyB.the12thcenturyC.the12thand13thcenturyD.the13e"century20.InBritain,formallyappointsimportantgovernmentministers,judges,etc.A.theQueenB.thePrimeMinisterC.theLordPresidentoftheCouncilD.theSpeakeroftheHouseofCommons21.WhichofthefollowingisNOTamongthefivebiggestcitiesintheUnitedStates?A.ChicagoB.NewYorkC.MiamiD.LosAngeles22.,whichbannedslavery,wasaddedtotheAmericanConstitutioninDecember,1865.A.TheBillofRightsB.TheThirteenthAmendmentC.TheCivilRightsActD.TheVotingRightsAct23.havemadeitpossibleforallsectionsoftheAmericanpopulationtohavehighereducation.A.TheresearchuniversitiesB.ThedoctoraluniversitiesC.ThecommunitycollegesD.Theliberalartscolleges24.Coloredeggsandbunnyatetraditionalsymbolsof.A.EasterB.ChristmasC.ValentineD.NewYear"sDay25.isoneofthemostpopularplacesintheUnitedStatestocelebratetheNewYear"sDay.A.TheDisneyLandinFloridaB.TheWhiteHouseLawninWashingtonD.C.C.HollywoodinCaliforniaD.TimesSquareinNewYorkCity26.Thebest-knownspeechmadebycivilfightsleaderMartinLutherKingis.A.Guesswho~B.IhaveadreamC.Unitedwestand,dividedwefall"D.Firstinwar,fastinpeace,firstintheheartsofhiscountrymen27.Inthe1900swiththedevelopmentofindustryandtheextensionofrailroadnetwork,therewasaintheUnitedStates.A.fastgrowthofpopulationB.rapidgrowthofmilitarypowerC.fastgrowthoflaborunionsD.rapidgrowthofcities28.TherealAmericanliteraturebegan.A.beforetheCivilWarB.aftertheCivilWarC.beforetheWarofIndependenceD.aftertheWarofIndependence29.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheVietnamWar?A.Drug-takingwaswidespreadintheAmericanArmedForces.B.AboutsixtythousandyoungAmericansdiedinthewar.C.Americaninsistenceonthecontinuationofthewardrewcriticismfromitsallies.D.ThemoraleoftheAmericansoldierswasrunningveryhigh.30.MITstandsfor.A.theMilitaryInstituteofTexasB.theMacy"sInstigationofThanksgivingC.theMiamiInstitutionofTradeD.theMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology31.wasNOTamongthefirst13BritishcoloniesalongtheeastcoastofNorthAmerica.A.NewYorkB.PennsylvaniaC.FloridaD.Maryland32.AttheConstitutionalConventioninSeptember1787,thedelegateswhoarguedforanationalsystemcalledthemselves.A.RepublicansB.DemocratsC.Anti-FederalistsD.Federalists33.ThePurchaseofLouisianaTerritoryin1803fromFrance~,.A.increasedtheAmericanterritorybyonethirdB.i~theAmericanterritorybyahalfC.almostdoubledthesizeoftheUnitedStatesD.almosttripledthesizeoftheUnitedStates34.Whichofthefollowingpairsiscorrect?A.RockefelleraeroplaneB.HenryFord-crudeoilrefiningC.J.P.Morgan-railroadD.TheWrightBrothers-automobile35.TheUnitedStatesdidnotformallytakepartinWorldWarI1untilPearlHarborbecause.A.isolationistsdidnotwanttobedraggedintothewarB.theCongresshadpassedoneneutralitylawC.PresidentRooseveltdidnotwanttooffendtheAxisPowersD.Alloftheabove36.InordertoprotectWesternEuropefrompossibleSovietexpansionafterWWII,theUnitedStatesdecidedtoofferWesternEuropeancountrieseconomicaid,whichlatercametobecalled.A.theFourteenPointsB.theNewFreedomsC.theNewDealD.theMarshallPlan37.Inviewoftheproblemofpovertyinthe1960s,PresidentKennedyhadonceadmittedthatoftheAmericanpopulationwenttobedhungry.A.aboutonequarterB.aboutonethirdC.abouthalfD.abouttwothirds38.WhenevertheAmericaneconomyisintrouble,theeconomyofothercountriesisaffectedbecausetheUnitedStatesis.A.thegreatestdebtorintheworldB.thebiggestproduceroftobaccoC.thelargestimporterintheworldmarketD.theonlysuperpowerintheworld39.MembershipintheHouseofRepresentativesisbasedon.A.thenumberofcitiesineachstateB.thenumberoffamiliesineachstateC.thesizeofpopulationineachstateD.thesizeofcitiesineachstate40.IntheUnitedStates,iftheparentsdon"tsendtheirchildrentoschoolatcertainage,.A.thestategovernmentwillberesponsibleforitB.theywilleducatethechildrenthemselvesC.theycansavealotofmoneyD.theyarebreakingthelaw41.CanadacoversaboutofNorthAmericancontinent.A.onequarterB.two-fifthsC.two-thirdsD.throe-fourths42.BytheStatuteofin1931theBritishDominions,includingCanada,wereformallydeclaredtobepartnernationswithBritain.A.OntarioB.VancouverC.QuebecD.Westminister43.ThefirstBritishsettlersinCanadawereAmericanrefugees,whocalledthemselves,becausetheyrefusedtofightagainsttheBritishArmyintheWarofAmericanIndependence.A.LoyalistsB.WhigsC.LiberalsD.Separatists44.isAustralia"smainwatershedwhereshort,swiftriversflowintothePacificOcean.A.TheGreatWesternPlateauB.TheGreatDividingRangeC.TheCentralEasternLowlandsD.TheNullarborPlain45.Politically,Australiaisdividedintostatesandtwoterritories.A.fourB.fiveC.sixD.seven46.AmongthefiveAustraliancitieswithapopulationofoveramilliononlyliesontheWesterncoast.A.SydneyB.BrisbaneC.MelbourneD.Perth47.InIrelandthebasicethnicstockis.A.CelticB.RomanC.NormanD.English48.Irelandhasfourunusualdemographicfeatures.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Alowbirthrate.B.Alatemarriage.C.Ahighproportionofunmarriedpeople.D.Anexcessoffemalesinthepopulation.49ThefirstEnglishmantovisitNewZealandwasJamesCookwhosailedinhisship______.A.EnduranceB.EndeavorC.ExplorerD.Enquirer50.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutNewZealandclimate?A.TheclimateinNewZealandisgenerallytemperateB.Seasonalvariationsarelessextreme.C.Snowusuallyfallsinthefarsouth.D.Summerisoftenuncomfortablyhot.II.Giveaone-sentenceanswertoeachofthefollowingquestion.Writeyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet(30points,3pointsforeach)51.WhatdoestheBritishParliamentconsistof?52.WhyisKingAlfredknownasthefatheroftheBritishnavy?53.WhichpartydidMargaretThatcherrepresentinthe1970s?54.Howwasthe1920sintheUnitedStatesdescribedbymanyhistorians?55.WhatdoesthetermindenturedservantsrefertoinAmericanhistory?56.Whatwasthemostimportantactpassedin1964toprohibitdiscriminationbasedoncolor,race,ornationalorigininplacesofpublicaccommodation?57.HowmanyprovincesandterritoriesisCanadamadeupof?58.WhatisAustraliaalsoknownasintheWest?59.WhatdoesIRAstandfor?60.WhyisNewZealandconsideredtobethefirstcountrytogetthenewday?Ш.ExplaineachofthefollowingtermsinEnglish.Writeyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheetinaround40words.(20points,5pointsforeach)61.Comprehensiveschools62.Whigs(inBritain)63.ThePuritans64.WarPowerAct2006年试题答案I.1.D2.D3.C4.D5.A6.C7.D8.A9.Bl0.A11.B12.Bl3.Al4.Bl5.Cl6.C17.Dl8.Dl9.C20.A21.C22.B23.C24.A25.D26.B27.D28.D29.D30.D31.C32.D33.C34.C35.A36.D37.B38.C39.C40.D41.B42.D43.A44.B45.C46.D47.A48.D49.B50.DII.51.ItconsistsoftheSovereign,theHouseofLords,andtheHouseofCommons.52.BecausehefoundedastrongfleetwhichfirstbeattheDanesatseaandthenprotectedthecoastsandencouragedtrade.53.SherepresentedtheConservativeParty.54.Itwasdescribedasaperiodofmaterialsuccessandspiritualfrustrationandpurposelessness.55.Itreferstothepeoplewhohadtoworkforafixedtermforthemasterstorepaythecross-Atlanticfareanddebts.56.TheCivilRightsActofl964.57.Itismadeupoftenprovincesandtwoterritories.58.ItisalsoknownastheLandDownUnder.59.IRAstandsforIrishRepublicanArmy.60.BecauseitliesjustwestoftheInternationalDateLineandithasonetimezone.Ⅲ.61.Comprehensiveschoolstakepupilswithoutreferencetoabilityoraptitudeandprovideawiderangingsecondaryeducationforallormostofthechildreninadistrict.62.ThenameofWhigsoriginatedwiththeGloriousRevolution.Itwasknownbythenickname.Itwasaderogatorynameforcattledrivers.Looselyspeaking,theWhigswerethosewhoopposedabsolutemonarchyandsupportedtherighttoreligiousfreedomforNonconformists.63.ThePuritanswerewealthy,welleducatedgentlemen.TheywantedtopurifytheChurchofEngland.DissatisfiedwiththepoliticalcorruptioninEnglandandthreatenedwithreligiouspersecution,thePuritanleaderssawtheNewWorldastherefugeprovidedbyGodforthoseHemeanttosave.64.ItwasanactthatlimitedthePresidentspowerinsendingtroopsabroadandrequiredthePresidenttoconsultCongressbeforeanysuchdecision.全国2005年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码:00522Ⅰ.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.Foreachunfinishedstatementorquestion,foursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheonethatyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion.Writetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.(40points,1pointforeach)1.TraditionalBritishfarminginvolved(),whichdatedbacktothe5thcentury.A.theopenfieldsystemB.thesystemofcroprotationC.theuseofartificialfertilizerD.theuseofnewagriculturalmachinery2.InBritain,theFirstCivilWarwasfoughtbetweentheRoundheadswhoweretheparliamentarysoldiersledby(),andtheCavalierswhowereKingCharlesssupporters.A.JohnLilburneB.OliverCromwellC.PrinceRupertD.WilliamJoyce3.()radicallychangedthefaceofLondonforthefirsttimesincetheGreatFirenearlythreecenturiesearlier.A.TheBlackDeathB.TheCivilWarC.TheFirstWorldWarD.TheBlitz4.TheobjectiveoftheChartistMovementwasdemocraticrightsforallmen,andittookitsnameform().A.TheBillofRightsB.TheAgreementofthePeopleC.thePeoplesCharterD.theGreatCharter5.Today,theDomesdayBookiskeptinthePublicRecordsOfficein().A.CambridgeB.OxfordC.LondonD.York6.InBritain,thankstothemilitantfeministmovementofthesuffragettesbeforetheFirstWorldWar,votesweregrantedtowomenover()in1918.A.20B.25C.30D.357.By()Britainhadbuiltupabigempire,onwhichthesunneverset.A.1900B.1910C.1920D.19308.InBritain,theToriesweretheforerunnersof(),whichstillbearsthenicknametoday.A.theLaborPartyB.theConservativePartyC.theLiberalPartyD.theSocialDemocraticParty9.TheeldestsonofQueenElizabethⅡPrinceCharles,Princeof(),istheheirtothethrone.A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.NorthernIreland10.InBritain,afullmeetingof()iscalledonlywhenaSovereigndiesorannounceshisorherintentiontomarry.A.thePrivyCouncilB.theHouseofLordsC.theHouseofCommonsD.theParliament11.InBritain,thehighestjudicialappointmentsaremadebytheQueenontheadviceof().A.theLordChancellorB.thePrimeMinisterC.theSpeakerD.theAttorneyGeneral12.InBritain,theSpeakerisamemberwhoisacceptabletoallshadesofopinionin().A.thePrivyCouncilB.theHouseofLordsC.theSupremeCourtD.theHouseofCommons13.TheBritishgovernmentdepartmentsarestaffedbymembersof(),whosedutyistoassistincarryingoutlawspassedbyParliament.A.theCivilServiceB.thePrivyCouncilC.theHouseofLordsD.theHouseofCommons14.Inthe1970s,oilwasdiscoveredin(),buttherevenuefromoildidnotcreateaneconomicmiracleforBritain.A.theEnglishChannelB.theIrishSeaC.theSt.GeorgeSeaD.theNorthSea15.LocalauthoritiesinGreatBritainraiserevenuethrough().A.theincometaxB.thecounciltaxC.thecapitalreceiptsD.personalcontribution16.Themoderngamesoftennisoriginatedin()inthelate19thcentury.A.ScotlandB.IrelandC.EnglandD.Wales17.Americawasnamedafter().A.ItaliannavigatorColumbusB.navigatorAmerigoVespucciC.someIndianchieftainD.GeorgeWashington,foundingfatheroftheUnitedStates18.Between1860and1990,theUnitedStateswitnessed()large-scalepopulationmovements.A.2B.3C.4D.519.AtthebeginningoftheBerlinBlockade,PresidentTrumanturneddowntheoptionof().A.sendingsuppliesthroughthehighways,protectedbytanksandtroopsB.sendingsuppliesthroughthewaterwaysC.startinglarge-scaleairliftingD.staringlimitedairliftingtotesttheSoviets20.In1900,theUnitedStatesrankedfirstintheproductionof().A.coalB.electricityC.oilD.wheat21.DuringtheWarofIndependence,Americaalliedwith().A.SpainB.FranceC.HollandD.Germany22.TheConstitutionalConventioninAmericawasattendedby().A.allofthe13statesB.allofthestatesexceptMarylandC.allofthestatesexceptRhodeIslandD.allofthestates,butlaterRhodeIslandwithdrewfromtheconvention23.PresidentTheodoreRooseveltmadeuseoftheHepburnActto().A.regulatefederal-fundedelectricityprojectB.maintainforestreservesC.regulaterailwaypriceD.bancorporationmerger24.IntheUnitedStates,HenryFordbecamefamous().A.becauseofhiswealthB.becausehesetuptheStandardOilCorporationC.becausehewasthefirsttoinventcarsD.becauseofhisModelTautomobile25.TheattitudeofmanyAmericanstowarddifferentpoliticalviewsafterWWⅡcanbedescribedas().A.followingthemaintrendofviewB.intolerantC.indifferentD.tolerant26.IntheU.S.,theRedScarerefersto().A.asenselesshysteriaaboutthedangerofcommunismB.afearofSovietsubversionC.asenselesshateofanythingforeignD.anintoleranceofanyideadifferentfromthemainstreamidea27.UrbanizationwasrealizedintheU.S.().A.in1900B.in1910C.afterWWID.afterWWⅡ28.IntheUnitedStates,thewinner-take-allsystemappliesto().A.allthestatesB.amajorityofthestatesC.allstatesexceptMaineD.onlyMaine29.InOldManandSea,Hemingwaypraisestheoldmansattitudetowards().A.defeatandfailureB.theseaC.hisworkD.nature30.InordertorememberGeorgeWashington().A.amemorialhallwasbuiltinhisbirthplaceB.amemorialhallwasbuiltinWashingtonD.C.C.atallwhiteWashingtonMonumentwasbuiltinthecapitalD.anexpensivecarwasnamedafterhim31.ThefinalbreakawayofAmericanforeignpolicyfromisolationismwas().A.thebombingofPearlHarborB.thefallofFranceC.GermanattackoftheSovietUnionD.thebattleofBritain32.IntheU.S.,thefastestgrowingminoritygroupis().A.theAfrican-AmericanB.theHispanic-AmericanC.theNativeIndiansD.theAsian-American33.ThenameCanadaisbelievedtobederivedfromanIndianwordKanata,meaning().A.asettlementB.acountryC.ameetingplaceD.acolony34.QuebecdiffersfromtheprovincesofCanadabecause().A.ithasthelargestpopulationB.itwasthefirstEuropeansettlementC.ithasastrongFrenchcultureD.itismorehighlydevelopedthanotherpartsofCanada35.Australiasmostcommonnativeplantsare().A.palmsandrosesB.willowsandsunflowersC.pinesandorchidsD.eucalyptsandwattles36.ThefirstwhitesettlementinAustraliawassetuponJanuary26,().A.1778B.1788C.1878D.188837.IrelandiscalledtheEmeraldIslebecauseof().A.itsshapeB.itsconnectionwithBritainC.itsabundantnaturalresourcesD.itsgreencountryside38.ThecentralpartofIrelandischaracterizedbymanylakes,lowridgesand().A.peatbogsB.rapidstreamsC.smallislandsD.highcliffs39.NewZealandconsistsoftwomainislands:().A.NorthIslandandSouthislandB.StewardIslandandLongIslandC.WestIslandandEastIslandD.VictorianislandandTasmanIsland40.NewZealandsclimateisgenerally()andseasonaldifferencesarenotsogreat.A.dryandcoldB.mildandmoistC.hotandwetD.windyandcoldPARTTWO(60POINTS)Ⅱ.Giveaone-sentenceanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.Writeyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.(30points,3pointsforeach)41.HowlongwasBritainundertheRomanoccupation?42.WhatisthemainfunctionoftheHouseofLordsinBritain?43.WhatwasthepeculiarfeatureofthefeudalsystemofEngland?44.WhichsportisregardedastypicallyEnglish?45.WhataretheprincipalfunctionsofAmericanhighereducation?46.WhatismeantbyOperationOverlord?47.WhyAmericansarealwaysonthemove?48.HowwillyoucharacterizeAmericanforeignpolicyintheearly1930s?49.WhatarethemaincharacteristicsofCanadianclimate?50.Geographically,Australiacanbedividedintothreemajorregions.Whatarethey?Ⅲ.ExplaineachofthefollowingtermsinEnglish.Writeyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheetinaround40words.(20points,5pointsforeach)51.Stonehenge52.TheMetropolitanPoliceForce53.Foreclosure54.ChicanoⅣ.Writebetween100-120wordsonEITHERofthefollowingtopicsinthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.(10points)55.WhatisThatcherismandwhatarethemajorcomponentsofThatcherism?56.InwhatsensewastheWarof1812importanttothedevelopmentoftheUnitedStates?2005年试题答案I.1.A2.B3.D4.C5.C6.C7.A8.B9.C10.A11.B12.D13.A14.D15.B16.C17.B18.C19.A20.A21.B22.C23.C24.D25.A26.A27.D28.C29.A30.C31.A32.D33.A34.C35.D36.B37.D38.A39.A40.CII.41.BritainwasundertheRomanoccupationfornearly400years.42.ThemainfunctionoftheHouseofLordsistobringthewideexperienceofitstheprocessoflawmaking.43.ThepeculiarfeatureofthefeudalsystemofEnglandwasthatalllandowners,whetherthetenants-in-chieforsubtenants,tooktheoathofallegianceforthelandtheyheld,notonlytotheirimmediatelord,butalsototheking.44.CricketisregardedasthetypicallyEnglishofsports.45.TheprincipalfunctionsofAmericanhighereducationareteaching,researchandpublicservice.46.OperationOverlordwasthecodenameforAllylandingonthesouthofFrance.ItwaslaunchedinMay,1944.ThedecisionoflaunchingOperationOverlordwasmadeattheTeheranConference47.Americansmovestoanewhomeeveryyearseekingnewjobopportunities,abetterclimateorsomeothergoals.48.Intheearly1930s,theAmericanforeignpolicywasisolationist.49.GenerallyspeakingtheclimateinCanadaisunfavorable.MuchofCanadahaslongandcoldwinterswithdeepsnow.50.TheyaretheGreatwesternPlateau,theEasternHighlandsandtheCentralEasternLowlands.III.51.Stonehenge:StonehengewasinWiltshire,constructedbefore2000BC.Exactlywhyitwasbuiltisunknownbutitmusthavehadreligiousandpoliticalsignificance.52.Themetropolitanpolice:ThepoliceservicefortheUnitedKingdomisorganizedandcontrolledonalocalbasisundertheHomeSecretaryandtheScottishandNorthernIrelandsecretaries.LondonsMetropolitanPoliceForceisdirectlyunderthecontroloftheHomesecretary.Attheendof1993policestrengthintheUnitedKingdomwasabout28.000belongedtotheMetropolitanPoliceForce.53.Foreclosure:Foreclosureisthetakingawayofpropertiesofthedebtorasaresultoffailuretopayinterest.54.Chicano:ChicanoisMexican-Americans,thethreemajorHispanicgroups,historicallyhavehadthegreatestinfluenceontheUnitedStates.IV.55.Theelectionof1979returnedtheConservativePartytopowerandMargaretThatcherismbecamethefirstwomenprimeministerinBritain.HerpoliciesarepopularlyrefereedtoasThatcherism.Thecomponentsincluded:1)thereturntoprivateownershipofstate-ownedindustries,2)theuseofmonetaristpoliciestocontrolinflation,3)theweakeningoftradeunions,and4)thestrengtheningoftheroleofmarketforcesintheeconomy,andanemphasisonlawandorder.56.ThewarhadgreatimpactonthedevelopmentoftheUnitedStates.1)Thewarmadepeoplerealizetheimportanceofastrongnationalgovernment.2)Thewarstrengthenedthefeelingofnationalunityandpatriotism.3)Foralmost10yearsafterthewar,theAmericansturnedtheirattentiontothedevelopmentofthewesternpartofthecontinent.4)ItmadebothBritainandUnitesStatesrealizethattheirdisputesshouldbesolvedthroughnegotiation.