解放军文职招聘考试抽烟问题-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育
发布时间：2017-06-29 11:21:40最新大纲样题：Directions: Widespread tobacco consumption has led to grave consequences, yet the tobacco companies still claim that they make a valbuable contribution to the world economy.There is a discussion in a newspaper on the above two viewpoints.Write an essay to the newspaper1) criticizing their view and2) justify your stand.In your essay, make full use of the information provided in the pidctures printed below.You should write about 200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.The majority of people would agree that cigarette smoking has caused serious problems. But the tobacco companies insist that they contribute greatly to the world economy by paying taxes to the government and employing hundreds of workers.Personally, I believe that cigarette production and consumption threatens to do more harm than good. Firstly, smoking is responsible for many fatal diseases such as lung cancer, heart diseases and so on. According to the survey, tobacco consumers accountfor about 20% of the world population, and among them, three million people die from smoking-related diseases every year. The fact that the output of tobacco production is reduced from 143.64 billion pounds in 1994 to 142 billion pounds in 1995 also suggests that people have come to realize the negative effects of smoking. Secondly, tobacco consumption is extremely wasteful of money. As is indicatd in the pictures, 200 billion US dollars is lost due to smoking each year. Obviously, the total loss of money around the globe substantially exceeds the gain in the industry.In conclusion, as the economic development aims at making our life better, we cannot sacrifice our health for short-term financial benefits. If we have to spend more and more money providing medical services for those who suffer from smoking-related illnesses, the notion of promoting economy via tobacco production is not justifable. It is high time that we fought for the total tobacco ban
2020年军队文职招聘考试体育学：体育与健康课程标准简介1-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育
发布时间：2019-05-29 18:16:211、体育与健康课程与体育教学大纲的区别（1）确立了 健康第一 的指导思想体育与健康课程标准根据 健康第一 的指导思想，规定了体育与健康课程的性质、目标、内容标准和评价等。课程标准将体育与健康课程的性质定义为以身体锻炼为主要手段，以增进中小学学生的健康为主要目的的必修课程。它是对原有的体育课程进行深化改革、融入健康教育的有关内容，并突出健康为目标的一门课程。有关课程的目标、内容标准和评价等也都是紧紧围绕着增进健康这一主题进行陈述的。现行的体育教学大纲则主要是以 增强学生体质 为指导思想，比较忽视心理健康和社会适应这两个健康维度。（2）构建了三个层次的目标体系课程标准根据 健康第一 的指导思想，结合课程特点构建了五个领域、三个层次的课程目标体系，三个层次的递进关系为：课程目标 领域目标 水平目标课程标准并不规定具体的教学内容和要求，这给各地区、学校、教师和学生留有相当大的选择余地和发展空间。只要采用行之有效的教学手段，就可以实现课程标准规定的目标。体育教学大纲则只有比较笼统的、操作性不强的课程目标，且教学内容、评价内容与目标要求不太一致。（3）拓展了课程的学习领域课程标准根据健康三维观、体育本身特点以及国外课程的发展趋势，将不同性质的学习内容划分为运动参与、运动技能、身体健康、心理健康和社会适应五个学习领域，五个学习领域实际上由两条主线组成，一条是身体运动主线，另一条是健康主线。虽然课程标准将不同性质的学习内容划分成五个学习领域，但五个学习领域是一个相互联系的整体，每个领域都不能脱离其它领域独立实现课程目标。体育教学大纲则是根据运动项目划分学习领域，如球类、田径、体操、武术等，这实际上是一种竞技运动的教学体系，每个学习领域可以脱离其它领域而独立存在。（4）划分了学习水平课程标准根据学生的身心发展特征和学习内容的特点，在各学习领域设立了六个学习水平，即水平一至水平五分别相当于小学1 2年级、3 4年级、5 6年级、初中阶段和高中阶段学生预期应达到的学习结果。考虑到学校和学生各方面的差异性，课程标准在各个学习领域设立了水平六，作为高中学生学习体育与健康课程的发展性要求。其他学段学生也可以将高一级水平作为本阶段学习的发展性要求。按水平划分学段主要是考虑到学生发展和各地、各校情况的差异性。体育教学大纲则是将一个年级划分为一个学段。
