解放军文职招聘考试2009年6月英语四级听力真题(试题+原文+答案)-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育
解放军文职招聘考试2009年6月英语四级听力真题(试题+原文+答案)发布时间：2017-06-1817:48:272009年6月英语四级听力真题(试题+原文+答案)一、听力试题PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionA（对话部分）A)Sheexpectedmorepeopleatherparty.B)Sheenjoysentertainingsmallchildren.C)ShethrewasurprisepartyforherfriendD)Shehasalwaysenjoyedgreatpopularity.A)Theyarenotusedtolivinginacoldplace.B)TheyfeelluckytoliveinFlorida.C)Theyaregoingtohaveaholiday.D)Theyhavenotbookedtheirairticketsyet.A)Hewaspleasedtogetthemedal.C)Heusedtobeafirefighter.B)Hewasverycourageous.C)Heusedtobeafirefighter.D)Hewasaccusedofcausingafire.A)Makeaprofitableinvestment.B)BuyanewwashingmachineC)GetpartsforthemachinefromJapan.D)Havetheoldwashingmachinefixed.A)Heispleasedwithhisexcitingnewjob.B)Hefindsthehugeworkloadunbearable.C)Hefindshisofficemuchtoobigforhim.D)Heisnotsoexcitedabouthisnewposition.16.A)Thewomanisgoingtoholdabigpartytomorrow.B)Themanhasnoideawhattherightthingtodois.C)Thewomandoesntknowhowtogettotheparty.D)Themanofferstodrivethewomantotheparty.A)Drawingupabusinessplan.B)Discussingatermpaper.C)FinalizingacontractD)Reviewingaco-authoredarticle.A)Sheorderedsomepaper.B)Shehadtheprinterrepaired.C)ShechattedonlinewithafriendD)ShefilledinanapplicationformQuestions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Hishealthisgettingworse.C)Hispastlifeupsetshimagooddeal.B)Hecannolongerworkatsea.C)Hispastlifeupsetshimagooddeal.D)Hehasnotgottheexpectedpension.A)Shepassedawayyearsago.B)Sheusedtoworkasamodel.C)Shehasbeenworkingataclinic.D)Shehasbeenseriouslyillforyears.A)Shehasmadelotsofmoneyasadoctor.B)Sheisgoingtotakecareofherolddad.C)Shehasnevergotonwithherfather.D)Sheiskindandgenerousbynature.A)Hedinesoutwithhiswifeeveryweekend.B)Heisexcellentbutlookshad-tempered.C)Hedoesnotcareabouthisappearance.D)Heisnotquitepopularwithhispatients.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)ThemanhassenttheordertothewomanbymistakeB)SomeofthetelephonesystemsdontworkproperlyC)Someofthepacksdonotcontainanymanuals.D)Thequalityofthegoodsisnotuptothestandard.A)Sendaserviceengineertodotherepairs.B)Consultherbossaboutthebestsolution.C)Passthemansordertotherightperson.D)Thequalityofthegoodsisnotuptothestandard.A)Ideal.B)TemporaryC)PartialD)CreativeSectionBPassageOneQuestions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Itisentertaining.B)Itisacostlyhobby.C)Ittakeslotsoftime.D)Itrequirestraining.A)Theycanharmnearbyplants.B)Theymaycatchsomedisease.C)Theyfighteachotherforfood.D)Theymaypollutetheenvironment.A)Placethefoodonwarmerspots.B)Usepreparedfeedmixturesonly.C)Avoidusinganycontaminatedfood.D)Continuethefeedingtillitgetswarm.PassageTwoQuestions29to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Hewillbetrayevenhisbestfriends.B)Heisabletomakeupgoodexcuses.C)Hewillliewheneverhewants.D)HetriestoachievehisgoalatanycostA)ShemadehimapologizeB)ShereadilyforgavehimC)Shebrokeupwithhim.D)Sherefusedtoanswerhiscalls.A)Buyheranewsetoftires.B)Helpcleanherapartment.C)Lendherhisbatteries.D)Movefurnitureforher.PassageThreeQuestions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theatmospheretheyliveinisratherunreal.B)Theirparentsputtoomuchpressureonthem.C)Itshardforthemtogetalongwithotherkids.D)Theyhavetoliveintheshadowoftheirparents.A)Healwaysboastsabouthisrichfather.B)Hewillgrowuptobegoodfornothing.C)Hehastoomuchtoknowthevalueofthings.D)Heistooyoungtomanagehisinheritedproperty.A)ShewantsAmandatogetprofessionalcare.B)Shehasnoexperienceinraisingchildren.C)Shewantstoshowoffherwealth.D)Shehasnotimetodoitherself.A)ThelifestyledepictedinHollywoodmovies.B)Theworshipofmoney,beautyandpleasure.C)Theattentionthemediafocusesonthem.D)Thepursuingofperfectioninperformance.SectionCAround120yearsago,Ebbinghausbeganhisstudyofmemory.He(36).onstudyinghowquicklythehumanmindcanremember(37).Oneresultofhisresearchisknownasthetotaltimehypothesis(假设),whichsimplymeanstheamountyoulearn(38)onthetimeyouspendtryingtolearnit.Thiscanbetakenasourfirstruleoflearning.Althoughitisusuallytruethatstudyingforfourhoursisbetterthanstudyingforone,thereisstillthequestionofhowweshouldusethefourhours.Forexample,isitbettertostudyforfourhours(39)ortostudyforonehouradayforfourdaysina(40)?.Theanswer,asyoumayhave(41),isthatitisbettertospreadoutthestudytimes.This(42),throughwhichwecanlearnmore(43).bydividingourpracticetime,isknownasthedistributionofpracticeeffect.Thus,(44).Butwerenotfinishedyet.Wehaventconsideredhowweshouldstudyoververyshortperiodsoftime.(45).Shouldyoulookatthesamewordinrapidsuccession,orlookatthewordandthenhavesomedelaybeforeyoulookatitagain?(46).二、听力原文短对话部分ShortConversations11.W:ThereweremorethanahundredpeopleatKatesbirthdayparty.Howcomeshesgotsomanyfriends?M:Itsreallynosurprise.YouknowshewaspopularevenwhenshewasachildQ:WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutKate?12.M:Theysaytherellbeasnow-stormtonight,andthecoldweatherwilllastquiteafewdays.W:Oh!Weresolucky,wellbegettingawayforawhile,andhavingaholidayinFlorida.Butletscallrightnowtoconfirmourflight.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthetwospeakers?13.W:Tonywasawardedamedalforrescuingseveralfamiliesfromtheforestfire.M:Ireallyadmirehiscourage.Q:WhatdowelearnaboutTonyfromtheconversation?14.M:Mywashingmachineismorethanfifteenyearsoldandithasworkedjustfineuntillastnight.W:Youllneverbeabletogetpartsforit,evenfromJapan.Soitmightbetimetoinvestamorerecentmodel.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?15.W:Iheardaboutyourpromotion,youmustbethrilled.M:Notreally,thenewofficeishuge,butthewordloadhasdoubled.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?16.W:Icantdecidewhattodoaboutthepartytomorrow.M:Youdonthavetogoifyoudontwantto,butIllbegladtogiveyouarideifyoudo.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?17.M:Nowifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutthecontract.Illbehappytoanswerthem.W:Nothingcomestomindrightnow,butIdliketogooverallthearticlesofthecontractoncemorebeforesigningit.Q:Whatarethespeakersdoingrightnow?18.M:Weareoutofpaperfortheprinter.Canyoupleaseordersome?W:Icompletedtheorderformonlineyesterdayanditwillbeherebynoon.Illletyouknowwhenitcomesin.Q:Whatdidthewomando?LongConversation1W:Bob,doyouknowwhoIsawtheotherday?OldJake,lookingterriblydepressed.Didhegetpensionedoffatlast?M:Yes.Theymadehimretireafter50yearsatsea.Heisprettyupsetaboutit,butwhatcanyoudo?Hereallyispasted.W:Heisallalone,isnthe?M:Yes,hiswifehasbeendeadforyears.Theyhadonedaughter,Dories.Butshewentofftotownassoonassheleftschool.Andhehasntheardfromhersince.Ihearsheismakinggoodmoneyasamodel.W:Maybesomeonecouldgetintouchwithher.Gethertocomebackforawhiletohelp?M:Idontsupposeshecome.Shenevergotonwithherfather.Heisbitofatoughcharacterandsheisratherselfish.Oh,IexpectoldJakewillgetby.Heishealthyatleast,comesintoaclinicforacheckregularly.W:Areyouhisdoctor?M:No,mypartnerdoctorJohnsonis.W:Thatbad-temperedoldthing?M:Oh,heisntbad-tempered.Hejustlooksit.Heisanexcellentdoctor,taughtmealot,andhehasaverynicefamily.Hiswifeinvitesmeovertheretosuppereveryweek.Verypleasant.W:yes.IteachtheirdaughterPenatschool.Sheisabitcarelessandlazyaboutherschoolwork,butabrightlittlethingandverypopularwithheragegroup.Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouvejustheard.19.WhydoesoldJakelookterriblydepressed?20.WhatdowelearnaboutJakeswife?21.WhatdoesthemansayaboutJakesdaughter?22.WhatdoesthemansayaboutJakesdoctor?LongConversation2W:Hello,Mr.Summerfield.Howareyoutoday?M:Verywell.Thankyou,Ms.Green.W:WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Well,unfortunately,thereisaproblemwiththeorderwereceivedfromyouyesterday.Itseemswehaventseentherightquantityofmanualstosupportthetelephonesystem.W:Oh,dear,thatsbadnews.Imverysorrytohearthat,andyoudontknowhowmanypacksarewithoutmanuals?M:No,becausewehaventopenedeverypack.Butinseveralofthosethathavebeenopenedtherearenone,nomanuals.W:Imverysorryaboutthisinconvenience,Mr.Summerfield.Wellsendoutthemanualsthisafternoonbyexpressmailentirelyatourcost,andthemanualsshouldarrivetomorroworthedayafteratthelatest.M:Allofthem,right?W:Yes.Itmaybethatsomehavethemalready,butwecannotbesure.Sothebestthingistosendoutthemanualforeverypack.M:Yes.Yes,Isee.Thatwouldbegreat.W:Pleaseacceptourapologiesforthismix-up.IassureyouwewilldoeverythingpossibletofindoutwhythemistakehappenedM:Right.Thanksforyourswiftaction.W:Notatall.Thankyouandgoodbyefornow.Docallifthereisanythingelse.M:Allright.Thankyou.Goodbye,MsGreen.W:Goodbye.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouvejustheard.23.Whatproblemsarethespeakersdiscussing?24.Whatdoesthewomanpromisetodo?25.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesolution?Passage1Attractingandfeedingwildbirdsareentertainingactivitiesthathavelongbeenenjoyedbypeopleallovertheworld.Feedingbirdshasbecomesopopularthatpreparedfeedmixturesarereadilyavailable.Wefeedbirdsformanyreasons.Manypleasanthourscancomefromwatchingbirds.Ahobbyoftendevelopsintoaseriousstudyoftheirhabits.Accurateidentificationofbirdsisusuallythefirstgoal.Butobservationsthatanamateurbird-watchercanmakearereallylimitless.Thereis,however,responsibilityassociatedwithbirdfeeding,includingadiseasehazard.Attractingnumbersofbirdscontinuallytothesamespotcanbeharmfultothem,particularlyspeciesthatpickfoodfromthegroundcontaminatedbythedroppingsofotherbirds.Inwinterfeedingeffortsaremostsatisfyingtopeopleandareofgreatestbenefittobirds.Duringthistimewhenfewernaturalfoodsareavailableandairtemperaturesarelower,extrafeedingcankeepabirdwarmandwell.Oncebegun,feedingshouldneverstopduringtheseleanmonths.Ifyoustartalocalincreaseofbirds,bepreparedtodowhatmayberequiredtoeliminatehazardstothoseyouwanttobefriend.Aconstantsupplyoffoodshouldbegivenuntilthecoldisoverandspringhascome.Iffeedingisstoppedduringsevereweather,birdsusedtorelyinguponthefeedersmuststarve.Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouvejustheard.Q26Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutbirdwatching?Q27Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutbirdsfedcontinuallyonthesamespot?Q28Whatdoesthespeakersuggestwedoinfeedingbirdsinwinter?Passage2MyfriendLeomakesupweakandpoorexcuseswheneverthereissomethinghedoesntwanttodo.Justtwoweeksago,hewasatmyhousewhenhedecidedhedidntwanttogointowork.Hecalledhisbossandsaidhehadtogetanewsetoftiresputonhistruck.ThenhesatdownandwatchedTVwithme.Notonlyhadheliedbuthisexcusewasntaveryconvincingone.Anothertime,hecancelledadatewithhisgirlfriendatthelastminutetellingherhehadtogetanewbatteryforhistruck.Shewasangryandrefusedtogooutwithhimagainuntilheapologized.Lastweekend,Leoofferedthepoorestexcuseyet.Hedpromisedhedhelpmemovesomefurniture,frommyparentshousetomynewapartment.Hewassupposedtobringhistruckoverabout8oclockSaturdaymorning.Iwaited,andthencalledandleftamessageonhismachine.About11:30,hecalledandsaidhewassorrybuthedbeengettinganewsetoftiresputonhistruck.Iguesshedforgottenheusedthesameexcusewhenhecalledhisbossfrommyhouse.IthinkIneedanewsetoffriends.ImbeginningtogettiredofLeosexcuses.Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouvejustheard.Q29WhatdoesthespeakertellusaboutherfriendLeo?Q30WhatdidhisgirlfrienddowhenLeocanceledadatewithheratthelastminute?Q31WhatfavordidthespeakeraskLeotodolastweekend?Passage3InHollywood,everybodywantstoberich,famousandbeautiful.Nobodywantstobeold,unknownandpoor.ForHollywoodkids,lifecanbedifficultbecausetheygrowupsuchanunrealatmosphere.Theirparentsareambitiousandthechildrenarepartoftheparentsambitions.Parentspayforwastefulgrandparties,expensivecarsanddesignerclothes.Wheneverydreamcancometrue,kidsdontlearnthevalueofanythingbecausetheyhaveeverything.Athirteen-year-oldboy,TrentMaguire,hasadriver,creditcardsandunlimitedcashtodowhathewantswhenhewantsto.Oneday,Illearnmorethanmydad!heboasts.Parentsbuycareandattentionfortheirchildrenbecausetheyhavenotimetogiveitthemselves.Amendersmotheremploysapersonaltrainer,abodyguard,asingingcoachandacouncilortolookafterallherfifteen-year-olddaughtersneeds.Often,thereisnoparentathomemostdays,sochildrendecidewhethertomaketheirownmealsorgoouttorestaurants,whentowatchtelevisionordohomework.Theyorganizetheirsociallife.Theyplaynochildhoodgames.Theybecomeadultsbeforetheyreready.Hollywoodhasalwaysbeenthecityofdreams.Thekidsthereliveunrealliveswheremoney,beautyandpleasurearetheonlygods.Willchildrenaroundtheworldsoonstarttothinkthesame?Ordotheyalready?Questions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouvejustheard.Q32WhyislifesaidtobedifficultforHollywoodkids?Q33WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutTrentMaguire,athirteen-year-oldboy?Q34WhydoesAmendersmotheremployotherpeopletolookafterherneeds?Q35WhatwillprobablyhavenegativeeffectsonthelivesofHollywoodkids?CompoundDictationAround120yearsago,Ebbinghausbeganhisstudyofmemory.Heconcentratedonstudyinghowquicklythehumanmindcanrememberinformation.Oneresultofhisresearchisknownasthetotaltimehypothesis,whichsimplymeantheamountyoulearndependsonthetimeyouspendtryingtolearnit.Thiscanbetakenasourfirstruleoflearning.Althoughitisusuallytruethatstudyingfor4hoursisbetterthanstudyingfor1,thereisstillthequestionofhowtousethe4hours.Forexample,isitbettertostudyfor4hoursstraightortostudyfor1houradayfor4daysinarow?Theanswer,asyoumayhavesuspected,isthatitisbettertospreadoutthestudytimes.Thisphenomenonthroughwhichwecanlearnmoreefficientlybydividingourpracticetimeisknownasthedistributionofpracticeeffect.Thus,oursecondruleoflearningisthis.Itsbettertostudyfairlybrieflybutoften.Butwearenotfinishedyet.Wehaventconsideredhowweshouldstudyoververyshortperiodsoftime.LetssayyouaretryingtolearnsomenewandratherdifficultEnglishvocabularyusingastackofcards.Shouldyoulookatthesamewordinrapidsuccessionorlookatthewordandthenhavesomedelaybeforeyoulookatitagain?Theanswerisitisbettertospaceupthepresentationsofthewordyouaretolearn.三、听力答案14.Buyanewwashingmachine15.Heisnotexcitedabouthisnewposition16.Themanofferstodrivethewomentotheparty17.Finalizingacontract18.Sheorderedsomepaper19Hecannolongerworkatsea20Shepassedawayyearsago21Shehasnevergotonwithherfather22Heisexcellentbutlooksbad-tempered23Someofthepacksdonotcontainmanuals24solvetheproblemathercompanyscost25Ideal26Citsentertaining27Ctheymaycatchsomedisease28Dcontinuethefeedingtillitgetwarm29Chewillliewheneverhewants30Ashemadehimapologize31Dmovefurnitureforher32Atheatmospheretheyliveinisratherunreal33Dhehastoomuchtoknowthevalueofthings34Dshehasnotimetodoitherself35DthelifestyledepictedinHollywoodmovies复合式听写答案：36concentrated40row37information41suspected38depends42phenomenon(现象)39straight43efficiently44oursecondruleoflearningisthis:itisbettertostudyfairlybrieflybutoften。45LetssayyouaretryingtolearnsomenewandratherdifficultEnglishvocabularyusingastackofcards。46Theanswerisitisbettertospaceoutthepresentationsofthewordyouaretolearn。
解放军文职招聘考试2011年12月英语四级听力真题(试题+原文+答案)-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育
解放军文职招聘考试2011年12月英语四级听力真题(试题+原文+答案)发布时间：2017-06-1818:24:262011年12月英语四级听力真题(试题+原文+答案)一、听力试题A)Readthenoticeonthewindow.B)Goandaskthestaff.C)Getanewbusschedule.D)BoardthebustoCleveland.A)Hewaslookingforwardtoseeingthegiraffes.B)Heenjoyedwatchingtheanimalperformance.C)HegothometoolatetoseetheTVspecial.D)HefellasleepinthemiddleoftheTVprogram.A)Shewantstotakethemostdirectway.B)Shemaybelateforthefootballgame.C)Sheisworriedaboutmissingherflight.D)Sheiscurrentlycaughtinatrafficjam.A)AtarestaurantB)Inafishshop.C)Ataclinic.D)Onafishingboat.A)Heisanexperiencedsalesmanager.B)Heisbeinginterviewedforajob.C)Heisaclosefriendofthewoman.D)Heisgoodatansweringtrickyquestions.A)Themanshouldconsiderhisprivacyfirst.B)Themanwillchoosealow-rentapartment.C)Themanisnotcertainifhecanfindaquieterplace.D)Themanisunlikelytomoveoutofthedormitory.A)Thewomanisgoingtomakehertopicmorefocused.B)Themanandthewomanareworkingonajointproject.C)Oneshouldchooseabroadtopicforaresearchpaper.D)Ittookalotoftimetogetthemanontherighttrack.A)Theywentcampingthistimelastyear.B)Theydidntquiteenjoytheirlastpicnic.C)Theylearnedtocooperateunderharshconditions.D)Theywerentexperiencedinorganizingpicnics.Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)HelikesSwedenbetterthanEngland.B)Heprefershotweathertocoldweather.C)HeisanEnglishmanlivinginSweden.D)HevisitsLondonnearlyeverywinter.A)Thebadweather.B)Thegloomywinter.C)Thecoldhouses.D)Thelongnight.A)Delightful.B)Painful.C)Depressing.D)RefreshingA)Theyoftenstayuplatereading.B)Theyworkhardandplayhard.C)Theyliketogocampinginsummer.D)Theytrytoearnmoreandspendmore.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)EnglishLiterature.B)Management.C)French.D)PublicAdministration.A)Englishteaching.B)Stafftraining.C)Careersguidance.D)Psychologicalcounseling.A)Itsgenerousscholarship.B)Itsworldwidefame.C)Itswell-designedcourses.D)Itspleasantenvironment.SectionBPassageOneQuestions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)CharacteristicsofJapaneseartists.B)SomefeaturesofJapaneseculture.C)TheartofJapanesebrushpainting.D)TheuniquenessofJapaneseart.A)Tocalmthemselvesdown.B)Toenhanceconcentration.C)Toshowtheirimpatience.D)Tosignallackofinterest.A)Howlistenersindifferentculturesshowrespect.B)Howspeakerscanwinapprovalfromtheaudience.C)Howspeakerscanmisunderstandtheaudience.D)HowdifferentWesternandEasternartformsare.PassageTwoQuestions29to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Directingpersonnelevaluation.B)Buyingandmaintainingequipment.C)Drawingupplansforin-servicetraining.D)Interviewingandrecruitingemployees.A)Someofhisequipmentwasdamagedinafire.B)Thetrainingprogramheranwasafailure.C)Twoofhisworkerswereinjuredatwork.D)Twoofhisemployeescommittedtheft.A)Abetterrelationshipwithhisboss.B)Advancementtoahigherposition.C)Abetter-payingjobinanothercompany.D)Improvementinthecompanysmanagement.A)Shehasmoreself-confidencethanChris.B)SheworkswithChrisinthesamedivision.C)ShehasmoremanagementexperiencethanChris.D)SheiscompetingwithChrisforthenewjob.PassageThreeQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theyhelpusseetheimportantvaluesofculture.B)Theyguideusinhandlinghumanrelationship.C)Theyhelpusexpressourselvesmoreeffectively.D)Theyareaninfinitesourceofhumanknowledge.A)Theirwordingmaybecomedifferent.B)Thevaluestheyreflectmaychange.C)Theiroriginscannolongerbetraced.D)Theymaybemisinterpretedoccasionally.A)Certainvaluesaresharedbyalargenumberofcultures.B)Someproverbsareassumingmoreandmoreimportance.C)Oldproverbsareconstantlyreplacedbynewones.D)Certainvalueshavealwaysbeencentraltoaculture.SectionCOurlivesarewoventogether.AsmuchasIenjoymyown(36)_____,InolongerimagineIcangetthrougha(37)_____daymuchlessallmylife,(38)_____onmyown.EvenifIamon(39)_____inthemountains,Iameatingfoodsomeoneelsehasgrown,livinginahousesomeoneelsehasbuilt,wearingclothessomeoneelsehas(40)_____fromclothwovenbyothers,using(41)_____someoneelseisdistributingtomyhouse.(42)_____ofinterdependenceiseverywhere;weareonthis(43)_____together.AsIwasgrowingup,(44)___________________________________________________.Makeyourownway,StandonyourowntwofeetormymothersfavoriteremarkwhenIwasface-to-facewithconsequencesofsomeaction:Nowthatyouvemadeyourbed,lieonit.Totalindependenceisadominantthinginourculture.Iimaginethat(45)___________________________________________________________.Buttheteachingwasshapedbyourculturalimagines.Andinstead,IgrewupbelievingthatIwassupposedtobetotallyindependentandconsequentlybecameveryreluctanttoaskforhelp.(46)____________________________________________________________________.二、听力原文SectionAW:Thiscrazybusschedulehasgotmecompletelyconfused.IcantfigureoutwhenmybustoClevelandleaves?M:Whydontyoujustgototheticketwindowandask?Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?W:IreallyenjoyedtheTVspecialaboutdraftslastnight.Didyougethomeintimetoseeit?W:Oh,yes,butIwishIcouldhavestayedawakelongenoughtoseethewholething.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?W:Airport,please.Imrunningalittlelate.Sojusttakethefastestwayevenifitsnotthemostdirect.M:Sure,butthereisalotoftrafficeverywheretodaybecauseofthefootballgame.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?W:MayImakearecommendation,sir?Ourseafoodwiththisspecialsauceisverygood.M:Thankyou,butIdonteatshellfish.Imallergictoit.Q:Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?15.W:nowonemorequestionifyoudontmind,whatpositioninthecompanyappealstoyoumost?M:Well,Idlikethepositionofsalesmanagerifthatpositionisstillvacant.Q:Whatdowelearnabouttheman?16.M:IdontthinkIwanttoliveinthedormitorynextyear.Ineedmoreprivacy.W:Iknowwhatyoumean.Butcheckoutthecostifrentinganapartmentfirst.Iwontbesurprisedifyouchangeyourmind.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?17.M:Youreontherighttrack.Ijustthinkyouneedtonarrowthetopicdown.W:Yeah,youreright.IalwaysstartbychoosingtwoboardertopicswhenImdoingaresearchpaper.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?18.W:Thispicnicshouldbeatthelastonewewentto,doesntit?M:Oh,yeah,wehadtospendthewholetimeinside.Goodthing,theweatherwascooperativethistime.Whatdowelearnaboutthespeakersfromtheconversation?LongConversationConversationOneM:WhenIsayIliveinSweden,peoplealwayswanttoknowabouttheseasons.W:Theseasons?M:Yeah,youknowhowcolditisinwinter?Whatisitlikewhenthedaysaresoshort?W:Sowhatisitlike?M:Well,itiscold,verycoldinwinter.Sometimesitiscoldas26degreesbelowcentigrade.Andofcoursewhenyougoout,youllwrapupwarm.Butinsideinthehousesitsalwaysverywarm,muchwarmerthanathome.SwedishpeoplealwayscomplainthatwhentheyvisitEngland,thehousesarecoldeveninthegoodwinter.W:Andwhataboutthedarkness?M:Well,yeah,aroundChristmastimetheresonlyonehourofdaylight,soyoureallylooksforwardtothespring.Itissometimesabitdepressing.Butyouseethesummersareamazing,fromMaytoJulyintheNorthofSwedenthesunneversets.Itsstilllightinthemidnight.Youcanwalkinthemountainsandreadanewspaper.W:Oh,yeah,thelandofthemidnightsun.M:Yeah,thatsright,butitswonderful.Youwanttostayupallnight,andtheSwedensmademostofit.Oftenthey.AndtheSwedesmakesmostofitoftentheystartedworkearlierinsummerandthenleaveatabout2or3intheafternoon,sothattheycanreallyenjoythelongsummerevenings.Theydliketoworkhard,butplayhard,too.IthinkLondonersworklongerhours,butImnotsurethisisagoodthing.Q19:Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?Q20:WhatdoSwedishpeoplecomplainaboutwhentheyvisitEnglandinwinter?Q21:HowdoesthemandescribetheshorthourofdaylightaroundChristmasinSweden?Q21:WhatdoesthemansayabouttheSwedishpeople?ConversationTwoW:Whatkindoftrainingdoesoneneedtogointothistypeofjob?M:Thatsaverygoodquestion.Idontthinkthereisany,specifically.W:Forexample,inyourcase,whatwasyoureducationalbackground?M:Well,IdidadegreeinFrenchatNottingham.Afterthat,Ididcareersworkinsecondaryschoolslikethecareersguidancepeople.Hereisintheuniversity.ThenIwentintolocalgovernmentbecauseIfoundIwasmoreinterestedintheadministrativeside.Thenprogressedontouniversities.Sotherewasntanyplanandtherewasnospecifictraining.Thereareplentyoftrainingcoursesinmanagementtechniquesandcommitteeworkwhichyoucanattendnow.W:Butinthefirstplace,youdidaFrenchdegree.M:Inmytime,therewasntadegreeyoucoulddoforadministration.IthinkmostoftheadministratorsIvecomeacrosshavedegreesandallsortsofthings.W:Well,Iknowinmycase,IdidanEnglishliteraturedegreeandIdidntreallyexpecttoendupdoingwhatIamdoingnow.M:Quite.W:ButyouarelocaltoNottingham,actually?IsthereanyreasonwhyyouwenttoNottinghamUniversity?M:No,no,IcomefromthenorthofEngland,fromwestYorkshire.NottinghamwasoneoftheuniversitiesIputonmylist.AndIlikethelookofit.Thecampusisjustbeautiful.W:Yes,indeed.Letssee.WereyoufromtheindustrialpartofYorkshire?M:Yes,fromtheWoolenDistrict.Q23.Whatwasthemansmajoratuniversity?Q24:Whatwasthemansjobinsecondaryschools?Q25:WhatattractedthemantoNottinghamUniversity?SectionBPassageOneWhileGailObcamp,anAmericanartistwasgivingaspeechontheartofJapanesebrushpaintingtoanaudiencethatincludedvisitorsfromJapan,shewasconfusedtoseethatmanyofherJapaneselistenershavetheireyesclosed.WeretheytunedoffbecauseanAmericanhadthenervetoinstructJapaneseintheirownartformortheydeliberatelytriedtosignaltheirrejectionofher?Obcamplaterfoundoutthatherlistenerswerenotbeingdisrespectful.Japaneselistenerssometimesclosedtheireyestoenhanceconcentration.Herlistenerswereshowingtheirrespectforherbychewingonherwords.SomedayyoumaybeeitheraspeakeroralistenerinasituationinvolvingpeoplefromothercountriesormembersofminoritygroupinNorthAmerica.Learninghowdifferentculturessignalrespectcanhelpyouavoidmisunderstandings.Herearesomeexamples.InthedeafcultureofNorthAmerica,manylistenersshowapplausenotbyclappingtheirhandsbutbywavingthemintheair.Insomecultures,bothoverseasandinsomeminoritygroupsinNorthAmerica,listenersareconsidereddisrespectfuliftheylookdirectlyatthespeaker.Respectisshownbylookinginthegeneraldirectionbutavoidingdirecteyecontact.Insomecountries,whistlingbylistenersisasignofapprovalwhileinothercourtiersitisaformofinsult.Questions:26,WhatdidObcampsspeechfocuson?27,WhydoJapaneselistenerssometimesclosetheireyeswhilelisteningtoaspeech?28,Whatdoesthespeakertrytoexplain?PassageTwoChrisisinchargeofpurchasingandmaintainingequipmentinhisDivisionatTaxlongCompany.Heissoongoingtohaveanevaluationinterviewwithhissupervisorandthepersonneldirectortodiscusstheworkhehasdoneinthepastyear.Salary,promotionandplansforthecomingyearwillalsobediscussedatthemeeting.ChrishasmadeseveralchangesforhisDivisioninthepastyear.First,heboughtnewequipmentforoneofthedepartments.Hehasbeenparticularlyhappyaboutthenewequipmentbecausemanyoftheemployeeshavetoldhimhowmuchithashelpedthem.Alongwithimprovingtheequipment,Chrisbeganaprogramtotrainemployeestouseequipmentbetteranddosimplemaintenancethemselves.Thetrainingsavedtimefortheemployeesandmoneyforthecompany.Unfortunately,oneseriousproblemdevelopedduringtheyear.TwoemployeestheChrishiredwerestealing,andhehadtofirethem.Chrisknowsthatanewjobforapurchasingandmaintenancemanagerforthewholecompanywillbeopeninafewmonths,andhewouldliketobepromotedtothejob.Chrisknows,however,thatsomeoneelsewantsthatnewjob,too.KimisinchargeofpurchasingandmaintenanceinanotherDivisionofthecompany.Shehasalsomadeseveralchangesovertheyear.ChrisknowsthathisbosslikesKimswork,andheexpectsthathisworkwillbecomparedwithhers.Questions29to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.29.WhatisChrissmainresponsibilityatTaxlongCompany?30.WhatproblemdidChrisencounterinhisDivision?31.WhatdoesChrishopeforinthenearfuture?32.WhatdowelearnaboutKimfromthepassage?PassageThreeProverbs,sometimescalledsayings,areexamplesoffolkwisdom.Theyarelittlelessonswhicholderpeopleofaculturepassdowntotheyoungerpeopletoteachthemaboutlife.Manyproverbsremindpeopleofthevaluesthatareimportantintheculture.Valuesteachpeoplehowtoact,whatisright,andwhatiswrong.Becausethevaluesofeachculturearedifferent,understandingthevaluesofanotherculturehelpsexplainhowpeoplethinkandact.Understandingyourownculturevaluesisimportanttoo.Ifyoucanacceptthatpeoplefromotherculturesactaccordingtotheirvalues,notyours,gettingalongwiththemwillbemucheasier.Manyproverbsareveryold.Sosomeofthevaluestheyteachmaynotbeasimportantinthecultureastheyoncewere.Forexample,AmericanstodaydonotpaymuchattentiontotheproverbHastemakeswaste,becausepatienceisnotimportanttothem.Butifyouknowaboutpastvalues,ithelpsyoutounderstandthepresentandmanyoftheoldervaluesarestillstrongtoday.BenjaminFranklin,afamousAmericandiplomat,writerandscientist,diedin1790,buthisproverbTimeismoneyistakenmoreseriouslybyAmericansoftodaythaneverbefore.Astudyofproverbsfromaroundtheworldshowsthatsomevaluesaresharedbymanycultures.Inmanycasesthough,thesameideaisexpresseddifferently.Questions33-35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.33.Whyareproverbssoimportant?34.Accordingtothespeakerwhathappenstosomeproverbswiththepassageoftime?35Whatdowelearnfromthestudyofproverbsfromaroundtheworld?SectionCCompoundDictationOurlivesarewoventogether.AsmuchasIenjoymyowncompany,InolongerimagineIcangetthroughasingledaymuchlessallmylifecompletelyonmyown.EvenifIamonvacationinthemountains,Iameatingfoodsomeoneelsehasgrown,livinginahousesomeoneelsehasbuilt,wearingclothessomeoneelsehassewnfromclothwovenbyothers,usingelectricitysomeoneelseisdistributingtomyhouse.Evidenceofinterdependenceiseverywhere;weareonthisjourneytogether.AsIwasgrowingup,Irememberbeingcarefullytaughtthatindependencenotinterdependencewaseverything.Makeyourownway,StandonyourowntwofeetormymothersfavoriteremarkwhenIwasface-to-facewithconsequencesofsomeaction:Nowthatyouvemadeyourbed,lieonit.Totalindependenceisadominantthinginourculture.Iimaginethatwhatmyparentsweretryingtoteachmewastotakeresponsibilitiesformyactionsandmychoices.Buttheteachingwasshapedbyourculturalimagines.Andinstead,IgrewupbelievingthatIwassupposedtobetotallyindependentandconsequentlybecameveryreluctanttoaskforhelp.Iwoulddoalmostanythingnottobeaburden,andnotrequireanyhelpfromanybody.三、听力答案SectionA11.B)Goandaskthestaff。12.A)HefellasleepinthemiddleoftheTVprogram.13.B)Sheisworriedaboutmissingherflight。14.A)Inarestaurant15.A)Heisbeinginterviewedforajob。16.B)Themanisunlikelytomoveoutofthedormitory。17.D)Thewomanisgoingtomakehertopicmorefocused。18.B)Theydidntquiteenjoytheirlastpicnic。19.B)Heprefershotweathertocoldweather。20.B)Thecoldhouses。21.C)Depressing。22.B)Theyworkhardandplayhard。23.Whatwasthemansmajoratuniversity?B)French。24.Whatwasthemansjobinsecondaryschools?C)careersguidance。25.WhatattractedthemantoNottinghamUniversity?B)Itspleasantenvironment。SectionBPassageOne(听力短文第一大题)26.A.TheartofJapanesebrushpainting27.A.Toenhanceconcentration28.C.HowlistenersindifferentculturesshowrespectPassageTwo(听力短文第二大题)29.A.Buyingandmaintainingequipment。30.A.Twoofhisemployeescommittedtheft。31.D.Advancementtoahigherpromotion32.D.SheiscompetingwithChrisforthatnewjob。33.A)Theyhelpusseetheimportantvaluesofaculture.34.B)Thevaluestheyreflectmaychange。36.detect37.delicate38.identifying39.apartment40.revolution41.dramatically42.primitive43.vessels44.Althoughsimpleversionsofminiaturedeviceshavehadanimpact,advancedversionsarestillseveralyearsaway45.thatcansensewhentoreleaseanairbagandhowtokeepengines46.whenscientistsnowthinkaboutfuturemachinesdoinglargeandcomplextasks,theyrethinkingsmallerthaneverbefore
解放军文职招聘考试2009年12月英语四级听力真题(试题+原文+答案)-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育
解放军文职招聘考试2009年12月英语四级听力真题(试题+原文+答案)发布时间：2017-06-1817:49:222009年12月英语四级听力真题(试题+原文+答案)一、听力试题PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionA（对话部分）A)Getsomesmallchange.B)Findashoppingcenter.C)Cashacheckatabank.D)Findaparkingmeter.A)Shoppingwithhisson.B)Buyingagiftforachild.C)Promotinganewproduct.D)Bargainingwithasalesgirl.A)Takingphotographs.B)Enhancingimages.C)Mendingcameras.D)Paintingpictures.A)HemovedtoBaltimorewhenhewasyoung.B)Hecanprovidelittleusefulinformation.C)HewillshowthewomanaroundBaltimore.D)Hewillasksomeoneelsetohelpthewoman.A)Heisratherdisappointed.B)Heishighlyambitious.C)HecantfaceuptothesituationD)Heknowshisownlimitation.A)ShemusthavepaidalotB)Sheisknowntohaveaterrificfigure.C)Hergymexercisehasyieldedgoodresults.D)Herefforttokeepfitisreallypraiseworthy.A)Femalestudentsareunfitforstudyingphysics.B)Hecanserveasthewomanstutor.C)Physicsisanimportantcourseatschool.D)Theprofessorssuggestionisconstructive.A)Indifferent.B)Doubtful.C)Pleased.D)Surprised.Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Heprefersthesmallereveningclasses.B)Hehassignedupforadaycourse.C)Hehastoworkduringtheday.D)Hefindstheeveningcoursecheaper.A)Learnacomputerlanguage.B)Learndataprocessing.C)Buysomecomputersoftware.D)Buyafewcoursebooks.A)Thursdayevening,from7:00to9:45.B)FromSeptember1toNewYearseve.C)EveryMonday,lastingfor12weeks.D)Threehoursaweek,45hoursintotal.A)Whattobringforregistration.B)Wheretoattendtheclass.C)HowhecangettoFrostHall.D)Whetherhecanuseacheck.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Atrainingcoach.B)Atradingadviser.C)Aprofessionalmanager.D)Afinancialtrader.A)Hecansaveonlivingexpenses.B)Heconsiderscookingcreative.C)Hecanenjoyhealthierfood.D)Hethinkstake-awayistasteless.A)Itissomethinginevitable.B)Itisfrustratingsometimes.C)Ittakespatiencetomanage.D)Itcanbeagoodthing.SectionBPassageOneQuestions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Therewerenoplanetswithoutmoons.B)TherewasnoairorwateronJupiter.C)Lifewasnotpossibleinouterspace.D)Themysteryoflifecouldnotberesolved.A)Ithasanumberofactivevolcanoes.B)Ithasanatmosphereliketheearths.C)Ithasalargeoceanunderitssurface.D)Ithasdeepcavesseveralmileslong.A)Lightisnotanessentialelementtoit.B)Lifecanforminveryhottemperatures.C)Everyformoflifeundergoesevolution.D)Oxygenisnotneededforsomelifeforms.PassageTwoQuestions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Whethertheyshouldtakethechildhome.B)WhatDr.Mayersinstructionsexactlywere.C)Whoshouldtakecareofthechildathome.D)Whenthechildwouldcompletelyrecover.A)Sheencouragesthemtoaskquestionswhenindoubt.B)Shemakesthemwritedownallherinstructions.C)Shehasthemactoutwhattheyaretodoathome.D)Sheasksthemtorepeatwhattheyaresupposedtodo.A)Itlacksthestabilityoftheprintedword.B)Itcontainsmanygrammaticalerrors.C)Itisheavilydependentonthecontext.D)ItfacilitatesinterpePassageThreeQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Jobsecurity.B)Goodlabourrelations.C)Challengingwork.D)Attractivewagesandbenefits.A)Manytediousjobscontinuetobedonemanually.B)Moreandmoreunskilledworkerswilllosejobs.C)Computerswillchangethenatureofmanyjobs.D)Boringjobswillgraduallybemadeenjoyable.A)Offerthemchancesofpromotion.B)Improvetheirworkingconditions.C)Encouragethemtocompetewitheachother.D)Givethemresponsibilitiesaspartofateam.A)Theywillnotbringrealbenefitstothestaff.B)Theyconcernasmallnumberofpeopleonly.C)Theyarearbitrarilysetbytheadministrators.D)Theyarebeyondthecontrolofordinaryworkers.SectionCInthehumanities,authorswritetoinformyouinmanyways.Thesemethodscanbe(36)______intothreetypesofinformationalwriting:factual,descriptive,andprocess.Factualwritingprovides(37)______informationonanauthor,composer,orartistoronatypeofmusic,literature,orart.Examplesoffactualwritingincludenotesonabookjacketor(38)______coverandlongerpieces,suchasanarticledescribingastyleofmusicwhichyoumightreadinamusic(39)______course.Thiskindofwritingprovidesa(40)______foryourstudyofthehumanities.Asitsname(41)______,descriptivewritingsimplydescribes,orprovidesan(42)______of,apieceofmusic,art,orliterature.Forexample,descriptivewritingmightlistthecolorsanartistusedinapaintingorthe(43)______acomposerincludedinamusicalcomposition,soastomakepicturesorsoundsinthereadersmindbycallingupspecificdetailsofthework.(44)________.Processwritingexplainsaseriesofactionsthatbringaboutaresult.(45)________.Thiskindofwritingisoftenfoundinart,whereunderstandinghowanarthascreatedacertaineffectisimportant.(46)_________..二、听力原文SectionAMan:Excuseme,doyouhavechangeforaten-dollarnote?Ineedtopaytheparkingmeter.Woman:Imsorry.ButIthinkyoucangetitthroughthemoneychanger,intheshoppingcenteracrossthestreet.Question:Whatisthemantryingtodo?Man:Canyourecommendsomethingthataschoolboyofsevenoreightwillreallylike?Woman:Isuggestthistoytrain,sir.Itsanexcellentbrand,verypopular,allovertheworldthesedays.Question:Whatisthemandoing?Woman:Doyouletpeopleknowwhenyouaretakingpicturesofthem?Man:Itrynotto.Youknow,anypictureofapersonwhoposesforthecamerawouldlookdullandunnatural.Question:Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?Woman:IneedtotalktosomeonewhoknowsBaltimorewell.Imtoldyoulivedthere.Man:Oh,butIwasreallyyoungatthetime.Question:Whatdoesthemanmean?Woman:Arentyoudisappointedthatyoudidntgetthepromotion?Man:Maybealittle.ButIknowIneedmoreexperiencebeforeImreadyforthatkindofresponsibility.Question:Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromthisconversation?Woman:IvebeenworkingoutthegymsinceJanuary.Iwasabitoutofshape.Man:Youlookterrific!Itseemsthatyourefforthaspaidoff.Question:Whatdoesthemanimplyaboutthewoman?Woman:Prof.ClarksuggestedthatIgetatutorforadvancedphysics.Man:Well,thatmighthelp.Advancedphysicsisaprettydifficultcourse.Question:Whatdoesthemanmean?Woman:Bill,haveyouheardthelatestnews?Itappearswetwowontbelaidoffafterall.Man:Oh,Imsomewhattiredofworkinghere.IvebeenwonderingwhetherIshouldresign.Anyway,thenewsseemstobegoodforyou.Question:Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthenews?ConversationOneWoman:Hello,Parksoncollege.MayIhelpyou?Man:Yes.Imlookingforinformationoncoursesincomputerprogramming.Iwouldneeditforthefallsemester.W:Doyouwantadayoreveningcourse?M:Well,itwouldhavetobeaneveningcoursesinceIworkduringtheday.W:Aha.Haveyoutakenanycoursesindataprocessing?M:No.W:Oh.Well,dataprocessingisacourseyouhavetotakebeforeyoucantakecomputerprogramming.M:Oh,Isee.Well,whenisitgiven?IhopeitsnotonThursdays.W:Well,theresaclassthatmeetsonMondayeveningsatseven.M:Justonceaweek?W:Yes.Butthatsallmostthreehoursfromseventonineforty-five.M:Oh.Well,thatsallright.Icouldmanagethat.Howmanyweeksdoesthecourselast?W:Mmmm,letmesee.Twelveweeks.YoustartthefirstweekinSeptember,andfinish,oh,JustbeforeChristmas.December21st.M:Andhowmuchisthecourse?W:Thatsthreehundreddollarsincludingthenecessarycomputertime.M:Aha.Okay.Ah,wheredoIgotoregister?W:RegistrationisonthesecondandthirdofSeptember,between6and9inFrostHall.M:Isthattheroundbuildingbehindtheparkinglot?W:Yes.Thatstheone.M:Oh,Iknowhowtogetthere.IsthereanythingthatIshouldbringwithme?W:No,justyourcheckbook.M:Well,thankyouverymuch.W:Youareverywelcome.Bye!M:Bye!19.Whydoesthemanchoosetotakeaneveningcourse?20.Whatdoesthemanhavetodobeforetakingthecourseofcomputerprogramming?21.Whatdowelearnaboutthescheduleoftheeveningcourse?22.Whatdoesthemanwanttoknowattheendoftheconversation?ConversationTwoW:So,whyexactlydoesyourjobhaveareputationforbeingstressful?M:Stressisgenerallydrivenbythefeelingofbeingoutofcontrolofasituation,andthefeelingofasituationcontrollingyou.Tradinginfinancialmarketscombinesboth.W:Howdoyourelaxintheevening?M:Iveryrarelydoanythingworkrelated.Soitseasytoescapethemarkets.Igenerallygotothegymorgoforarun,especiallyIfIvehadabadday.Ialwayscookamealratherthanhaveatakeaway.Todosomethingmybrainwouldregardascreative.W:Doyouthinkwhatyoudotorelaxisaneffectivewaytobeatstress?M:Idontthinktheresaspecificruleabouthowtobeatstress.IgenerallyfindthatwhatIdoiseffectiveforme.W:Wouldyouconsiderchangingyourjobbecauseofthehighstressfactor?M:Ihaveconsideredleavingmyjobduetostressrelatedfactors.However,Idothinkthatanelementofstressisagoodthing,andifusedtherightway,canactuallybeapositivething.W:Whatdoyouenjoyaboutthestressfulaspectsofyourjob?M:Havingsaidallthat,Idoactuallyenjoyanelementofuncertainty.Ienjoyamentalchallenge.Tradinggeneratesawiderangeofemotionssecondbysecond.Howyoudealwithandmanagethoseemotionsdictatesshort,mediumandlongtermtradingperformanceandsuccess.23.Whatisthemansjob?24.Whydoesthemanprefertocookamealratherthanhaveatakeaway?25.Whatdoesthemansayaboutanelementofstressinhisjob?SectionBPassageOneSinceearlytimes,peoplehavebeenfascinatedwiththeideaoflifeexistingsomewhereelsebesidesearth.Untilrecently,scientistsbelievedthatlifeonotherplanetwasjustahopefuldream.Butnowtheyarebeginningtolocateplaceswherelifecouldform.In1997,theysawevidenceofplanetsnearotherstarslikethesun.Butscientistsnowthinkthatlifecouldbeevennearerinourownsolarsystem.OneplacescientistsarestudyingverycloselyisEuropa,amoonofJupiter.SpaceprobeshaveprovidedevidencethatEuropahasalargeoceanunderitssurface.TheprobeshavealsomadethescientiststhinkthatunderitssurfaceEuropahasarockycoregivingoffvolcanicheat.Waterandheatfromvolcanicactivityaretwobasicconditionsneededforlifetoform.Athirdiscertainbasicchemicalssuchascarbon,oxygenandnitrogen.ScientistsbelievetheremightbesuchchemicalslyingatthebottomofEuropasocean.Theymayhavealreadycreatedlife,ormaybeaboutto.Youmaywonderiflightisalsoneedforlifetoform.Untilrecently,scientiststhoughtthatlightwasessential.Butnow,placeshavebeenfoundonearththatareintotalinblackness,suchascavesseveralmilesbeneaththeocean.Andbacteria,primitiveformsoflifehavebeenseenthere.SothelackoflightinEuropassubsurfaceoceandoesntautomaticallyruleoutlifeforming.26.Whatdidscientistsoncebelieveaccordingtothepassage?27.WhathavescientistsfoundaboutEuropa,amoonofJupiter?28.Whathavescientistscometoknowrecentlyabouttheformationoflife?PassageTwoInherearlydaysasanemergencyroomphysician,Dr.JoannaMeyertreatedachildwhohadsufferedaseconddegreeburn.Afterthechildhadbeentreated,andwasbeingpreparedfordischarge,Dr.Meyertalkedtotheparentsabouthowtheyshouldcareforthechildathome,alsolisteningtoherwerehalfadozenfamilymembers.Afewhourslater,whenshecametosaygoodbye,thefamilyaskedhertosettleanargumenttheyvebeenhavingoverexactlywhatadviceshehadgiven.AsItalkedtothem,Iwasamazed.shesaid,AllofthemhadheardthesimpleinstructionsIhadgivenjustafewhoursbefore.Buttheyhadthreeorfourdifferentversions.Themostbasicdetailswereunclearandconfusing.Iwassurprised,becausethesewereintelligentpeople.ThisepisodegaveDr.Meyerherfirstcluetosomethingeverydoctorlearnssoonerorlatermostpeoplejustdontlistenverywell.Nowadays,shesays,sherepeatsherinstructions,andevenconductsarealitycheckwithsomepatients.Sheasksthemtotellherwhattheythinktheyresupposedtodo.Shealsoprovidestake-homesheets,whicharecomputerprintouts,tailoredtothepatientssituation.Dr.Meyerslistenersarenotunusual.Whennewordifficultmaterialispresented,almostalllistenersarefacedwithachallenge,becausehumansspeechlacksthestabilityandpermanenceoftheprintedword.Oralcommunicationisfast-movingandimpermanent.Question29-31Q29.Whatdidthechildsfamilymembersargueaboutinthehospital?Q30.WhatdoesDr.Meyerdotoensureherpatientsunderstandherinstructions?Q31.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouthumanspeech?PassagethreeItislogicaltosupposethatthingslikegoodlaborrelations,goodworkingconditions,goodwagesandbenefits,andjobsecuritymotivateworkers.Butoneexpert,FrederickHerzbergarguedthatsuchconditionsdonotmotivateworkers,theyaremerelysatisfiers.Motivators,incontrast,includethingssuchashavingachallengingandinterestingjob,recognitionandresponsibility.However,evenwiththedevelopmentofcomputersandrobotics,therearealwaysplentyofboring,repetitiveandmechanicaljobs,andlotsofunskilledpeoplewhohavetodothem.Sohowdomanagersmotivatepeopleinsuchjobs?Onesolutionistogivethemsomeresponsibilities,notasindividuals,butasateam.Forexample,somesupermarketscombineofficestaff,thepeoplewhofilltheshelves,andthepeoplewhoworkatthecheckoutintoateam.Andletthemdecidewhatproductlinestostock,howtodisplaythem,andsoon.Manypeoplenowtalkabouttheimportanceofacompanysharedvaluesorculture,withwhichallthestaffcanidentify.Forexample,beingthebesthotelchain,ormakingthebest,themostuserfriendly,orthemostreliableproductsinaparticularfield.Suchvaluesaremorelikelytomotivateworkersthanfinancialtargets,whichultimatelyonlyconcernafewpeople.Unfortunately,thereisonlyalimitednumberofsuchgoalstogoaround.Andbydefinition,notallthecompetingcompaniesinanindustrycanseriouslyplayintobethebest.Question32-35Q32.WhatcanactuallymotivateworkersaccordingtoFrederickHerzberg?Q33.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutjobsinthecomputerera?Q34.Whatdosomesupermarketsdotomotivateemployees?Q35.Whydoesthespeakersayfinancialtargetsarelesslikelytomotivateworkers?SectionCInthehumanities,authorswritetoinformyouinmanyways.Thesemethodscanbeclassifiedintothreetypesofinformationalwriting:factual,descriptiveandprocess.Factualwritingprovidesbackgroundinformationonanauthor,composerorartist,oronatypeofmusic,literatureorart.Examplesoffactualwritingincludenotesonabookjacket,oralbumcoverandlongerpieces,suchasanarticledescribingastyleofmusic,whichyoumightreadinamusicappreciationcourse.Thiskindofwritingprovidesacontextforyourstudyofthehumanities.Asitsnameimplies,descriptivewritingsimplydescribes,orprovidesanimageofapieceofmusic,artorliterature.Forexample,descriptivewritingmightlistthecolorsanartistsusedinthepainting,ortheinstrumentacomposerincludedinamusicalcomposition,soastomakepicturesorsoundinthereadersmind,bycallingupspecificdetailsofthework.Descriptivewritinginthehumanities,particularlyinliterature,isoftenmixedwithcriticalwriting.Processwritingexplainsaseriesofactionsthatbringaboutresult.Ittellsthereaderhowtodosomething.Forexample,explainingthetechniqueusedtoshootafilm.Thiskindofwritingisoftenfoundinart,whereunderstandinghowanarthascreatedacertaineffectisimportant.Authorsmayactuallyusemorethanonetypeoftechniqueinagivenpieceofinformationalwriting.三、听力答案SectionA11.AGetsomesmallchange。12.BBuyingagiftforachild。13.ATakingphotographs。14.BHecanprovidelittleusefulinformation。15.DHeknowshisownlimitations。16.CHergymexercisehasyieldedgoodresults。17.DTheprofessorssuggestionisconstructive。18.AIndifferent19.CHehastoworkduringtheday。20.BLearndateprocessing。21.CEveryMonday,lastingfor12weeks。22.AWhattobringforregistration。23.DAfinancialtrader。24.BHeconsiderscookingcreative。25.DItcanbeagoodthing。SectionB26.C.Lifewasnotpossibleinouterspace。27.C.Ithasalargeoceanunderitssurface。28.A.Lightisnotanessentialelementtoit。29.BWhatDr.Meyersinstructionsexactlywere30.DSheaskesthemtorepeatwhattheyaresupposedtodo。31.AItlacksthestabilityoftheprintedword。32.CChallengingwork。33.AManytediousjobscontinuetobedonemanually。34.DGivethemresponsibilitiesaspartofateam。35.BTheyconcernasmallnumberofpeopleonly。SectionC36.classified37.background38.album39.appreciation40.context41.implies42.image43.instrument44.Descriptivewritinginthehumanities,particularlyinliterature,isoftenmixedwithcriticalwriting。45.Ittellsthereaderhowtodosomething.Forexample,explainingthetechniqueusedtoshootafilm。46.Authorsmayactuallyusemorethanonetypeoftechniqueinagivenpieceofinformationalwriting。
